Lymph node

Terrestrial WSNs, nodes are distributed in a given area either in a pre-planned manner (sensor nodes are placed according to optimal placement, grid placement, 2-d and 3-d placement models) or in an ad hoc manner (sensor nodes are randomly placed in the target area by dropping it from plane). After all battery power is limited and it cannot be reenergized, terrestrial sensor nodes must be provided with a maximum power source such as solar cells. Underground WSNs: - In this network, sensor…

An 85 year old male experienced muscle damage in the lower part of the heart because of blocked blood flow. As this happened he fell unconscious because the extra electrical pathways of his heart's chambers stimulated, causing a rapid abnormal heart rate and an insufficient blood supply to the brain. After placing sensors on his body to monitor his heart's electrical activity the healthcare provider established that the front of his heart experienced a blockage in the past. Both events were…

electrical impulses that travel down pathways through your heart. The normal sinus rhythm is initiated by the SA node also known as the sinoatrial node. It is also known as the hearts natural pacemaker due to the fact it beat 100 bpm. The electrical activity then spreads through the wall of the atria and as a result causes them to contract before it reaches the AV node. From there the AV node conducts electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles while slowing down the electrical signal.…

It is common to find axillary lymph nodes with the diagnosis of breast cancer, which is why it is important to also examine this area. Axillary lymph nodes well-being is one of the most important factors in a prognoses for these patients and help determine a proper treatment plan 1 . This is where ultrasound plays a large and important role to…

patient who presences with the complaint of cervical lymphadenopathy. “Lymphadenopathy is characterized by enlarged lymph nodes. Lymph node enlargement is caused by an increase in size and number of its germinal centers caused by proliferation of lymphocytes and monocytes or invasion by malignant cells. Normally, lymph nodes are not palpable or are barely palpable. Enlarged lymph nodes are characterized by being palpable and often may be tender or painful to touch, though not in all situations”…

unmanageable growth of breast cells due to mutations of the genes. The mutations are a result of random mutations over generations or side effects from objects or tasks today. This disease affects more than just women’s breasts; it may also affects lymph nodes and could possibly spread to other parts of their body if they do not go see their provider soon enough or the type of cancer cannot be controlled. Breast cancer has numerous types, ranging from curable to incurable. Along with the various…

In this procedure doctors can check the axillary lymph nodes that they are having cancer or not without actually removing them. Removing the axillary nodes in huge manner increases the risk of lymphedema so for reducing this kind of risk of lymphedema this SLNB is performed or done. in this procedure surgeon first finds and removes the lymph nodes in which there is high risk of developing a tumor this is performed by injecting a radioactive substance blue dye into the tumor to area around it or…

centimeters and cancer has not spread outside the breast, no lymph nodes are involved (“Stages of Breast Cancer”).Stage 1B describes invasive breast cancer in which; there is no tumor in the breast, instead, small groups of cancer cells- larger than 0.2 millimeters but not larger than two millimeters- are in the lymph nodes or there is a tumor in the breast that is larger than 2 cm, and there are smaller groups of cancer cells in the lymph nodes (“Stages of Breast Cancer”). Microscopic invasion…

options that a doctor has been an axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) or a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The axillary lymph node biopsy is a procedure that goes in and takes out ten to forty lymph nodes, but they usually will not take out more than twenty. This is a common procedure that doctors use to see if the cancer has spread, and often this procedure is used after they do a needle biopsy or a sentinel lymph node biopsy. The axillary lymph node biopsy procedure is a safe operation…

with 4 being the most severe. To determine the stage of breast cancer, tumor size, lymph node status, and metastases are inspected. The history of breast cancer predates to ancient times, but not much was known about it until the 19th century. Some symptoms of breast cancer include: a lump in the breast, or pain, tenderness, indentation,…