Lung

bronchitis. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterised by abnormal inflammatory obstruction of the airways, lung parenchyma, (respiratory bronchioles and alveoli) and pulmonary blood vessels (Brown, 2013). Research shows that COPD is being recognised as an inflammatory disorder of the large and small airways characterized by remodelling and emphysematous changes in the lung parenchyma (Ceylan, 2006). Thereby this represents characteristic and adaptive immune reaction to long term…

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) commonly known as hyaline membrane syndrome occurs in many premature births. As the gestational age for a baby decreases subsequently the likelihood of them having this condition will increase because their lungs are severely underdeveloped. The problems that stem from RDS include lack of surfactant, smaller alveolar surface span, elevated compliance of the small airways, and occasionally the ductus arteriosis might be a factor if it doesn’t close shortly…

Asthma affects the body through bronchospasms; these are unusual narrowing or constrictions of the airways. These are usually caused a spasm in the smooth muscles of bronchi and bronchioles, an inflammation of the airways or an excessive production of mucus due to an allergic reaction or possible irritation. This therefore makes it difficult to breath and as a result causes the individual to start wheezing due to the inhaled air struggling to pass through the narrowed airways…

airways and irritates the lungs. (Lewis et al., 2014 p732). When this irritants is being inhaled, the cilia in the lungs are damaged that causes persistent cough and increase mucus production which cause airflow obstruction (Lewis et al., 2014 p 735). As COPD progress, pulmonary hypertension may occur where there will be a structural changes in the lungs such as swelling of the smooth muscle and constriction of pulmonary vessels due…

Asthma Asthma is a chronic lung disease that irritates and narrows the respiratory airways. This lung disease is not limited to any specific age group, as it affects people of all ages, but it does begin developing in the childhood stage. Around 25 million Americans currently live with asthma, with a third of these people being children.¹ Living with this condition is a responsibility that the affected person must carry. Asthma is not considered to be a life threatening condition by most, but…

pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. It's caused by smoking cigarettes or long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter. Your lungs are directly affected by COPD, because air travels down your trachea and into your lungs through the bronchi. The bronchi are divided into many smaller tubes or bronchioles that end in clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli. Your lungs rely on the natural elasticity of the…

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects many organs and impairs the lung function. A blocked chloride transport in the cell membranes creates mucous that has little water content and becomes thick. The thick, sticky mucous causes problems in the lung, pancreas, liver, salivary glands, and testes. It is an autosomal recessive trait and the cystic fibrosis gene can be located in chromosome seven. A symptom of cystic fibrosis is very salty-tasting skin and the reason is, is when a…

L- Today in lab I learned how to properly place my stethoscope when auscultating the lungs. E- To prepare us for auscultation of the lungs, Jackie showed us the landmarks used to find the intercostal spaces. Once I found the manubrium, I followed the angle of Louis to find the second intercostal space. I noticed it is imperative the stethoscope is placed between the ribs to hear breath sounds. To begin the process, locate the second intercostal space on one side of Caroline’s chest. Following I…

as the tissues between air sacs are destroyed and air pockets in the lungs form as a result. The air is then trapped in the damaged lung tissue. After the air is trapped, the lungs begin to enlarge and breathing then requires more effort. The inner walls of the air sacs weaken and eventually rupture with emphysema. This rupture causes one large air space instead of many small air spaces. This reduces the surface area of the lungs and also reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches the…

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, asthma is a disease that affects your lungs. It causes repeated episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and nighttime or early morning coughing. This chronic condition is when the airways that carry air to and from lungs get affected. People that are affected with this for a long time are said to be asthmatic (CDC.GOV, 2015). The inside walls of an asthmatic's airways are swollen or inflamed. This swelling or…