Luminescence

A glow stick is a small plastic tube with chemicals inside it. When When you snap a glow stick and hear it crack it gives off a temporary glow. As you snap the glow stick and hear it crack. Chemicals inside the glow sticks starts to mix together. This is a process call chemiluminescence. Chemiluminescence is a process where light is produced by a chemical reaction. Instead of using an electrical source. An example of this would be if go outside during a fall night and see a firefly glowing during the night fall using its Chemiluminescence. There are chemicals inside one simple glowstick. These chemicals inside the glowstick are called fluorescent dye, diphenyl oxalate, and hydrogen peroxide. Fluorescent dye is a chemical compound. It is a yellow dye liquid that even when it is highly diluted (a liquid) it is still visible to see. They are also non-protein molecules that can absorb light and even can make it to a longer wavelength. Diphenyl oxalate also call Cyalume is a solid ester that has oxidation products that are mainly responsible for the chemiluminescence in one glow stick. Hydrogen peroxide is a simple peroxide that is a compound that has a single oxygen bond. It appears to be colorless and viscous. It is also it is an unstable liquid that has strong  oxidizing properties. It is commonly used in disinfectants and bleach for example. When these chemicals inside are mixed it causes a reaction that produce peroxy acid ester and phenol. Peroxy acid can spelled as one…

include the following CXCL 11, CXCL 10, and CXCL 9. DNA purification (Mini prep) helps to determine the concentration of both GFP and NFkB DNA before being used to transfect both HeLa and HEK 293 cell. The purification of DNA also allows the extraction and purification of plasmid DNA. According to the data that was generated by the completion of the Mini Prep, GFP DNA tends to have a higher concentration of 27.544 µg compared to NFkB DNA that has 16.950 µg. GFP DNA is considered to have…

paramagnetic signal without illumination (fig. 9 [1]). According to recent reports, the green luminescence of ZnO at ? ˜550 nm is due to the oxygen vacancies due to the formation of deep levels in the band gap. For the samples prepared between ?250?^o C and ?800?^o C, they show no luminescence even though the samples prepared between ?150?^o C and ?250?^o C does. This observation suggests that the luminescence at ? ˜550 nm and EPR signal at g ˜2.00 might not be related to V_o point defects.…

strain of pKN800 plasmid DNA. The plasmid was purified and isolated, then cut with PstI restriction enzyme to create a sample of PstI-cut and uncut pKN800 plasmid DNA and to distinguish orientation A from B. These samples were loaded onto a 0.8% agarose gel for electrophoresis. Both cut and uncut plasmid DNA were transformed into E. coli DH5α. Finally, the transformed DNA was plated on LB and LB with ampicillin agar plates. The procedure for this experiment was followed on pg. 16-23 of the MB…

this experiment was dependent on the presence of a metal ion and the ligand photoluminescence in DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) was dependent on the d-block metals that are effective in the named solution. However, there was an increase in intensity associated with the formation of the metal-to-ligand ratio of 1; 2, which resulted in the formation of a larger molecule. This therefore indicates the interaction between the metal and ligand due to complexation which thereby causes a reduction of…

Molecules Project 1: Chemiluminescence Luuk Adema & Ewout van der Veer S2794640 & S2680254 luukadema@hotmail.com & ewoutvanderveer@msn.com 31-10-14 F. Mecozzi, E. Hagting & M. van Zuylen Abstract Luminol was synthesized and the light intensity of its luminescence was tested. The yield of the synthesis was 55%. Measurements of the intensity of luminescence were done under standard and optimal conditions resulting in peak intensities of ±0.02 lux (standard) and ±0.03 lux (optimal). It has been…

Fischeri on a petri dish whilst emitting its bioluminescence. (Grant D. Geske et al, 2007). Biochemistry & Metabolism: The luminescence that is produced by Vibrio Fischeri is actually a product of one of the biochemical reactions this organism carries out. This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme luciferase. Luciferase uses oxygen that has been taken from the environment to oxidise a reduced Flavin mononucleotide and aliphatic aldehydes. The end products of this reaction include aliphatic acids,…

Archaeologists today have a wide selection of ways to correctly date ancient artifacts. The available methods allow them to accurately date objects that are hundreds of years old up to a few million years old. Dating methods are used to find out about how old an artifact may be, or how old it is exactly. Relative dating methods are stratigraphy and style analysis. Absolute dating methods used are absolute dating, radiocarbon dating, uranium-lead dating, and luminescence dating. Stratigraphy as…

These energized particles then follow the magnetic field lines and move towards the north and south polar regions of the Earth’s atmosphere, where they collide with molecules, releasing energy in the form of the aurora lights (64 Bacon). The phenomenon of aurora are an example of luminescent emission, which results in the brilliant display of light. “As the charged particles interact with charged atmospheric gases in Earth's ionosphere, the electrons in the gases move to higher energy states. As…

Trinil is on the island of Java, Indonesia, in 1891, a scientist by the name of Dubois collected shell tools. One with geometric engraving, one plain shell tool, and evidence that hominins diet included freshwater shellfish. These shells, as well as hundreds of other fragments were part of the Pseudodon assemblage. The Pseudodon shells were dated using the Argon/Argon dating technique as well as the luminescence dating method, these methods found that the shell tools could be anywhere from…