Lithium pharmacology

Abstract Objectives: The anticonvulsant effect of cannabinoid compound illustrated in various models of seizure and epilepsy. On the other hand, there are controversial findings about the role of large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Also, there is no data regarding the effect of co-administration of cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor agonists and BK channels antagonists in the acute models of seizure in mice. In this study, the effects of…

6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 6.1 SUMMARY The current study deals mainly with phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of traditionally used medicinal plant Enicostemma littorale Blume. A perusal of the literature revealed that only fragmental information was available on this plant species regarding cytoprotective potential and immunohistochemistry. In addition the exact molecular mechanism of action of this plant species active compound swertiamarin is unknown and remote. Hence this study…

Relevant Findings** Yes, according to Lexidrugs, the loss of memory and cognition along with difficulty urinating are both side effects caused by diphenhydramine. The mechanism of this drug is to compete with histamine at receptors throughout the body and will cause “anticholinergic and sedative effects.” The number one precaution of administering diphenhydramine is that it can cause CNS depression and prevent coherent cognitive function of the patient. The CNS depression effects could be the…

1. Furosemide (Loop-diuretics) Indication: Furosemide is a loop-diuretic that is indicated for use when treating Hypertension, Hyperkalemia, and edema that is from kidney failure, congestive heart failure, or liver cirrhosis. MOA: Its mechanism of action is to interfere with the chloride-binding cotransport system and inhibits the reabsorption of chloride and sodium ions at the distal and proximal tubules, and the loop of Henle. This leads to the pharmocological effects of enhancing the…

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PHA 6557 Assignment #4 Case 1 1. Procardia XL is also known as nifedipine, which belongs to a class of drugs called calcium channel blockers that prevent the transmembrane influx of calcium into both cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle. The formulation of nifedipine is an extended release tablet that is designed to provide a constant level of drug over a 24-hour period. Within the class of calcium channel blockers, nifedipine belongs to the dihydropyridine variety. 2. Dihydropyridines…

1 Introduction Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid (Fig. 1), is isolated from many medicinal herbs, such as Coptidis rhizome (Coptis chinensis Franch.) and Cortex phellodendri (Phellodendron chinense C.K.Schneid.) (1). BBR has been used to treat microbial infection, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal (GI) diseases due to its antibacterial, antidiarrheal and strong antidotal properties (2, 3). In recent years, much focus has been put on its other potential bioactivities, such as…

“Fluanxol”  Introduction : • History and background : - Fluanxol is a thioxanthene derivative which contains flupentixol as active substances. It belongs to group of medicines known as antidepressants drugs which act on nerve pathway in specific areas of the brain and help in correcting some chemical imbalances that cause the symptoms of this illness. - Its International Non-proprietary Name (INN) is flupentixol , but its British Approved Name (BAN) is flupenthixol and it is known in the market…

ABSTRACT Ayurveda, an ancient science of medicine has addressed all aspects of health. Vajikarana is a branch of sexual medicine with the main intent of attaining a healthy progeny. Klaibya in Ayurveda is randomly attributed to infertility. Any defect in the shukravaha srotas (male reproductive system) lead to klaibya. Several of causes are attributed for infertility in the conventional science. Oligospermia is one of the causes for the same, the condition where in sperm count is less than 20…

The need to enhance the drugs’ bioavailability, solubility, stability as well as the duration for the drugs to release their therapeutic effects in human body is recognised by the scientists nowadays. Recently, there are lots of research studies focusing on this area. However, only a few standard routes of edaravone administration are already being discussed. This review thus focuses mainly on the design, optimisation and formulation of microsponge to enhance the significance of edaravone acting…