Lithium pharmacology

Tamoxifen History: In 1966, the Imperial Chemical Industries Pharmaceuticals (ICI) assigned scientists to find a new emergency contraceptive. The drug they created was called ICI46, 474 and was not effective in its early stages. Despite this letdown, the ability was seen, by a member from the team of scientists, that it could be used to treat Breast Cancer. In the period up to clinical trial testing in 1970, ICI46, 474 was renamed Tamoxifen. The Christie Hospital in Manchester was the location…

Grace Bratlee AUDSLP 581 Swallowing I Midterm 1. Tips on Difficulty Swallowing Pills The normal swallow involves a series of steps that aid an individual when he or she is trying to swallow a variety of substances including liquids, solid foods, and pills. When a substance (food, liquid, etc.) enters the individual’s oral cavity, saliva and mastication form the substance into a bolus. During the oral phase of a normal swallow, the tongue tip touches the alveolar ridge as the tongue pushes the…

A drug named Daraprim price was raised by 5000%, from $13.50 to $750 per pill. Many cases similar to Daraprim have happened, and a pattern of massive price increase of many life saving drugs by pharmaceutical companies becomes apparent. Expensive drugs had forced patients to make difficult choices, either to cut down basic needs to save money to buy the needed drugs, or to cut down the use of the drugs itself. Americans start blaming drug companies of price gouging and call for drug prices…

The theory that I am going to focus on for this essay is the self-control theory. I understand that not just this theory explains why people use drugs but it is the one that I feel is the most direct to a person. I also agree with the other theories and think some of them go together. They can all be used and looked at in order to find out why people use drugs. I don’t think there is just one clear theory that stands alone, but the self-control theory is the one I feel most confident about. I…

I choose to describe natural products as natural products seem to be the new sweep of the nation. As people are becoming more aware of their health, the trend to go natural has increased in the last decade or so. As the trend for the nation to be more healthy so did the desire to do it more naturally did as well. People began to seek the more traditional ways of being healthy. Before manufactured drugs came into widespread use, herbal medicines played an important role in human health. A…

Ethics of Drug Testing in the Workplace A recent article was written by Khan & Chawia (1995) titled “Ethics of drug testing: What are workers’ attitudes” was received from the Business Forum database reviews the ethics of drug testing in the workplace. The article was also published in several journals including the Journal of Accounting the Business Horizons, Finance, and Auditing. Drug testing is widely used in numerous workplace throughout the country to maximize corporate profits by…

Costus speciosus (J.König)sm is a widely used medicinal plant in Ayurvedic medicine. Scientific literature prove about various therapeutic properties of its rhizome and leaves. The effectiveness of Costus speciosus (J.König)sm leaf aqueous extract on reversing insulin resistance was studied and data were published previously. This study was designed to evaluate the dose-response relationship of Costus speciosus (J.König)sm leaf aqueous extract. Insulin resistance induced rats were treated with…

RWE – For better accessibility of drug treatments Thinking Beyond the Clinical trials Though clinical trials are the gold standard measuring the safety and efficacy of drugs, to evaluate the cost-efficiency of a drug in a real-world environment and measure its impact on quality of healthcare, RCTs need to be supplemented or followed up with the comparatively new standard, called real-world evidence (RWE). Real world evidence has is entering every part of the drug product life cycle from…

1- Introduction Benzosuberone based compounds are important classes of biologically active compounds that attracted a great deal of interest in the medicinal chemistry due to their potent biological activities and wide range of pharmaceutical applications [1-6]. Several publications recorded that some of benzosuberone derivatives possess antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiulcer and antitumor activities [1-6]. As an indication for the importance of the benzosuberone based…

Throughout the article “The Hidden Harm of Antidepressants,” Diana Kwon, journalist for Scientific American, discusses the threats antidepressants pose for those who use it. Antidepressants are the “most commonly prescribed medications” in the medical world. While antidepressants have a wide variety of users, many are unaware of their risks. These risks include an increase in suicidal thoughts, as well as suicide, and an increase in aggressive behavior. The reason that most people are unaware of…