Lingua franca

prescriptive norms of English language serve to undermine cultural and linguistic diversity of non-native English language speakers (NNES). However, recently, researchers have shown an increased interest in the concept of English language as a Lingua Franca (ELF) which emphasizes the communicative property of English language (Jenkins, 2003). Since the idea of ELF challenges the view of English language as oppressive to the cultural and linguistic diversity, the negative effects of English…

academic writing skills; identifying the optimal scope and sequence of courses for the 4-year TESOL curriculum; [to] helping IELTE faculty acquire professional leadership skills.’ Finally, Snow et al. (2006) conclude that ‘teacher preparation in lingua franca settings must be guided by carefully-defined goals. They further reveal the importance of setting in determining these goals since, as Markee (2001:125) reminds [them], the immediate context of language teaching and the sociocultural…

David Crystal begins with “Why a global language?” by asking what it means for a language to have a global status, what merits and demerits makes a global language, and “Why we need a global language?” David Crystal propose that “a language become a global language because of the political and military power of its people” when people use a language as an official language in purposes of communication, international marketing and advertising, in the law court, in media and in educational system…

Math, science, history, English are ubiquitous subjects that every student must take in school. But there is another subject that should be considered a core class for any college-bound high schooler, foreign languages. Spanish, French, German, Mandarin, Russian, and even Arabic, these classes should be considered core classes, as they are basically a de facto requirement for entrance into college. We have accepted this fact, but we should ask, why is this the case? As a student who has taken…

In this article they have kept their focus on what are ‘creole’ and ‘pidgin’ languages and what the public has generally understood by the two languages. Creolist do not agree with the precise definition of the two terms, nor do they specify that how many languages have been considered under the two categories. It is a language that represents speech-forms that do not have any native speakers and is generally used by the people, as a form of communication, who do not share a common language. The…

The internet has changed the way society works as well has how people talk. When texting or writing to someone via the internet, colloquial language is mostly used. The internet has its own lingua franca where if you are on the internet, it’s normal to speak this way. The way most people speak these days, which is mostly over the phone, is by abbreviating or making up new words. For example, 'wyd' is a shortened version of 'what are you doing?'…

Cedric Deal AP Human Geography P4 1/22/2017 1. A. Folk culture can be defined as culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups. B. Pop culture can be defined as culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics. C. The diffusion of folk culture compared to popular culture, is that folk culture is transmitted from one location to another more…

also moved into this specific East African region, settling inland. It was because of these peoples settling down here that the Swahili language was formed, as it evolved from a mixture of the Arabic and Bantu languages. Swahili developed as a lingua franca for trade for the different peoples. However, the dominance of the Arabs on the Kenyan coast was cut short when the Portuguese arrived in 1498. The UK would come in during the 19th century to act as another European influence.…

Part I When I first came to Maastricht and attended the first tutorial at the Maastricht University it felt so tricky and complicated, because I have never experienced Problem Based Learning method. However, it was just a temporary period and everything goes only to the good, thus I would like to depict that change. In the preliminary discussion ‘formulating learning objectives’ stays constant throughout both checklists, however we can see a major change in ‘defining the problem’. In the…

The social history of WhSAfE starts with the establishment of a trading and re-freshment station by the Dutch in the Eastern Cape at the end of the 18th century, con-trolled by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and frequented by British ships on their itinerary to the Far East (see Bowerman 2013: 512; Bowerman 2008b: 164). Due to the military capture of the Netherlands and its oversea possessions by Napoleon, the station, together with the surrounding area, was taken over by the British in 1795…