Liberalization

The paper has attempted to provide a theoretical structure towards analyzing the influence of globalization, trade liberalization and labour market reform on factor income, sectoral growth, income inequality and informalization of labour. Under restricted capital mobility across formal and informal sector, we obtained that tariff liberalization causes informalization of unskilled labour and widens income inequality. Labour market reform and foreign capital inflow leads to formalization of the…

It is widely accepted that the features of the developmental state model played a vital role in East Asian states, guiding them to historically unprecedented industrial transformation, and it is unanimously agreed upon that the developmental state model was successful in economic growth of the East Asian countries such as Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. However, the puzzle we have to solve is whether the developmental state model delivers development without limitation, or if the model is doomed to…

through the protagonist. The modern notion of globalization and liberalization has made women more conscious and confirm about their space, self-identity and overall satisfaction in their life. To seek the overall satisfaction they dare to break the traditional shackles of the patriarchal and traditional set up existing in the society. The Custody set in a metropolitan city with environment of globalization and financial liberalization of the decade of nineties. The novel explores how…

Globalization is a historical process where political, economic, social, cultural and technological fields integrate in the world, this leads to an improvement of global communication and unity between nations. In the past people of different cultures and countries were unable to communicate and have interaction with each other, but today everything has changed thanks to smartphone, instant messaging and the Internet, which all enable us to easily connect with each other. Around 45% of the world…

developing countries which accounts for one third of world trade, due to highly protected and higher trade barriers. The result of trade liberalization gains comparative advantage under the patronage of World Trade Organization (WTO), the backbone of international trading system, which had been established after eight rounds of multilateral trade liberalization agreements (Uruguay Round accomplished in 1994). The countries should focus on what they do their best by capitalizing resources – land,…

Since 1989 when the term Washington Consensus first appeared and throughout its short history there have been various interpretations of what it could signify. It has been described as a new form embodying imperialism, as a tool to undermine states, as the introduction of the laissez-faire economy etc. (Williamson, 2004: 6). Some more crucial definitions that Williamson provides in his historical overview are the usage of the term Washington Consensus when referring to the Bretton Woods…

by political liberalization. Both of these components are present in the EZLN. She writes, “The EZLN’s agenda includes indigenous autonomy and cultural respect alongside democratization” (Yashar p. 24, 1998). The liberalization of the political realm is important because it creates an opening for movements such as the EZLN to take action. Without the liberalization, these indigenous groups would have a more difficult time forming and sustaining. The negative effects that liberalization brought…

with the introduction of telegraph . We can divide history of telecom into three different eras. 1) Pre-liberalization1 This era last till 1980s when liberalization took place. In this era having telephone was a status symbol rather than being a utility product. The number of users increased from 80,000 in 1948 to 2.15 million in 1980. 2) Liberalization and Privatization In 1985 DOT (Department of Telecom) has been separated from Indian Post resulting foundation of MTNL and VSNL to take care of…

The main purpose of the WTO is to improve trade liberalization; the organization attempts to do this by conducting talks between the member nations. Unfortunately, many of these talks were unsuccessful, “trade liberalization efforts were spectacularly derailed when the WTO’s flagship project, the Doha Round, collapsed after emerging economies such as China and India grew increasingly…

conservation (London, Shandra, and Shircliff 2). This creates a lack of environmental regulations, which allows the core to enact detrimental environmental practices in the periphery, to externalize environmental costs (Burns, Davis, and Kick 362). Trade liberalization is also recommended to governments by the World Bank in order to increase exports, by removing barriers and providing financial incentives and regulatory concessions in order to encourage foreign investments (London, Shandra, and…