national assembly had 300 members 150 from each side. o Furthermore, there was an introduction of federal system. Power was distributed between central and provinces. o President had more power than prime minister, in any extreme situation he could declare emergency. o Judiciary system (Supreme Court) was introduced under the supervision of Chief Justice. o Last but not least, Urdu and Bengali would be the national language. Abrogation of 1956 Constitution: On 7th Oct 1958,it was abrogated by the General Ayub Khan. Conclusion To conclude it can be said simply that in the constitutional history of pakistan. There has been a political conflict b/w the head of govt: and head of state. It also consisted of some positive characteristics but such political conticts had cause and not only its abrogation but also failure of its parliamentary system. The constitution was introduced on 23rd march 1956. And proced till 7th oct 1958. On 7th the military took the power of general Ayub khan who abrogated the constitution along with the president iskkandar mirza assume power under military law and come to end of 1956 constitution. This all brought end to our discussion about 1956…
This chapter, except for the section on the Hazaras in the early Ismaili literature, has already been published under the title of ‘The Shi‘a Ismaʿili Da‘wat in Khurasan: From Its Early Beginning to the Ghaznawid Era’, at the Journal of Shʿia Islamic Studies, 2015, Vol. VIII, No. 1, pp. 37-59. In several qaṣīdas of his dīwān (1956), Farrukhī praises Sulṭān Maḥmūd Ghaznawī as the King of Zāwulistān. For further details see, Baiza, Y. (2014) The Hazaras of Afghanistan and their Shiʿa…
in her science lab. This was confirmed by one the boys who swore that he saw her from the lab’s window. I could not verify his account but the roamers continued about her and how she was flirtatious with the other visiting fathers to the school. I was fascinated by the amount of attention she received and how her beauty swayed the boy and the men alike. She became the object of my obsession of how to attract attention by being an eye candy. I wanted to be like ‘Aasha and I started taking care of…
The primary hagiographic story of ‘Aziz al Saksawiyya is the one found in the hagiographic work entitled Uns al-Faqir Wa izz al Hakir (the Intimacy of the Sufi and the greatness of the Denigrated) by the Sufi jurist ‘Abd al-Aziz ibn al-khatib who is known by the name of ibn Qunfudh (14th century). As we saw before this hagiographic record is a compilation of saints, Sufis and holy people belonging to Morocco and other Maghrebian countries. It includes only saints who were disciples of the axial…
The symbolism of Mecca for Helen In the play (The road to Mecca by Athol Furgard faber and faber edition) In the play “The road to Mecca” by Athol Furgard is a character named Helen, also known as Miss Helen. In the play she creates her own Mecca in her yard. Mecca is a city in Saudi Arabia and it is a holy city to followers of Islam. People take this religious journey to deepen their experience with God. In this case Helen takes a spiritual journey and she does not physically go to Saudi…
The Fatimid Caliphate (ad-Dawlah al-Fāṭimiyya) was an Ismaili Shia Caliphate, it lasted from the year 909 to the year 1171 and eventually fell when its last Caliph (Al Athid or Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Yūsuf ibn al-Ḥāfiẓ) died, making place for the Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt and Syria under Saladin. The Fatimid Caliphate was the only Shi’a Caliphate, it was tied to the Ismaili branch of Shi’a Islam, the belief is centered around Isma’il, the son of Ja’Far As-Sadid, the sixth Imam and seventh…
the imam), ṭahāra (purification), ṣalāt (prayer), zakāt (almsgiving), ṣawm (fasting), ḥajj (pilgrimage) and jihād (striving in God’s way). Walāya is the best among them, because through it and through the one to whom allegiance should be paid, the knowledge of the other pillars is reached.” The importance of love for Imam Aly (AS) and by extension, all rightful successors of Imam Aly (AS), the pure Imams, can be seen from the following Ḥadīth of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAAS): “None but a…
Under the Black Flag: At the Frontier of the New Jihad by Sami Moubayed was a very educational book that included many specific details and important information. This book covered the topic and ideas of terrorism, ISIS, and al-Qaeda. I chose this book to learn more about the importance of this field, and I expected to understand the background, motives, and reasoning behind ISIS and terrorism. This 240 page nonfiction introduction to ISIS published by I.B.Tauris&Co.Ltd was a very educational…
3- How did you chose to become Shia? After I converted to Islam I decided not to follow any sect unless I know which one is right. I studied about Sunnis, Wahhabism and Sufism but there was no information Shias. I asked my Sunni friends about Shiism and they sent me a video clip showing a Wahhabi mufti talking about Shiism. He said that Shias are followers of Ali ibn Abi Talib. We also love Ali. Ali was the bravest in the Islamic society. He was the most knowledgeable and was very just. But a…
Sunni VS Shia There are two main types of Islam, Sunni and Shia. These two are very similar in many ways there are also many ways they are different. They are similar because they both believe in the Quran, the same god, and the 5 pillars of Islam. However, the Sunni has a higher population, they live in Iraq, and they’re very traditional. The Shia live in Arab countries, they have a lower population, and they are more laid back. The Shia and Sunni are both similar and different in many ways.…