Levofloxacin

Enterobacter spp. Enterobacter spp are part of the enterobacteriaceae family. They are facultative anaerobic gram negative bacilli. Their means of motility is by means of petrichous flagella. They produce acid upon glucose fermentation and are methyl red negative, voges-proskauer positive. Optimal growth temperature is 30*C .80% are encapsulated. E. spp have been associated with nosocomial outbreak and are opportunistic pathogens. They can cause numerous infections such as cerebral abscess,…

This case study is about a 78 yr. old man who is a resident in an extended facility named Greg Jones. He was diagnosed for Dementia-Alzheimer’s disease. He smoked 2 packed of cigarettes for the last 30 years and was currently diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. His daughter who visits him every Friday, expressed her concern that her father’s dementia is getting worse. Mr. Jones has two chronic diseases, first is the Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia which is a complex and…

The field of medicine is constantly evolving as new research is conducted daily. As a healthcare provider it can be easy to manage patients “the way it has always been done” since that is still often an effective treatment method. However, just because a method of treatment has been known for a longer period of time, that does not mean it is the only treatment option still, or even the best treatment method. It’s important to stay up to date on current research that can provide options to the…

given intravenously depending on the severity of the exacerbation and what infecting organism is being combatted. Common antibiotics that are given to cystic fibrosis patients are azithromycin, tobramycin, aztreonam (Cayston), ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin. Aerosolized antibiotics can help suppress chronic infections, improve lung function, decrease inflammation, and decrease pulmonary secretions.5 Azithromycin is most commonly used to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa and tobramycin (TOBI) is…

Chlamydia is a pathogen classified as bacteria, and it is an obligated intracellular organism it is lacks of mitochondria, so it does not produce its own energy and depends completely on the host’s cell metabolism (Oligosaccharide that mediated chlamydial infection is identified, 1997). Chlamydia can affect both men and women. Usually, people infected with this germ do not show evidence of symptoms or if they do, they would be mild, and sometimes when complications associated with the disease…

Cefotaxime or a similar third-generation cephalosporin provides suitable bacterial coverage. A fluoroquinolone (eg, levofloxacin) is a substitute in those who are allergic to penicillin. The treatment period should be simply five days. A longer regimen may be sensible in those who are infected with an atypical organism such as pseudomonas. It is recommended to reassess a…

Discussion The proper diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), or myalgia encephalomyelitis, requires familiarity with the early sings and symptoms of this disease. According to the International Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (n.d.), the diagnosis of CFS involves several critical elements about the patient’s history, patient’s symptoms patterns, and a complete exclusion of other illness causing fatigue. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders…

According to Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, and Camera (2014), pyelonephritis is defined as inflammation of the renal parenchyma, collecting system, and renal pelvis. Pyelonephritis can be categorized as acute or chronic. Acute pyelonephritis, the more common type, usually results from colonization and infection of the lower urinary tract that if left untreated can ascend through the urethral route and infect the kidneys (Lewis et al., 2014). Chronic pyelonephritis occurs when the kidneys…

According to Schouten et al (2008), sepsis involves the activation of the coagulation cascade coupled with down-regulation of anticoagulation and fibrinolysis. An intricate link between inflammation and coagulation exists within the body (Neligan, 2006). When a pathogen is present in the bloodstream or when tissue injury occurs, an inflammatory response occurs. The response causes a stimulation of the immune system to produce interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis…