Lebanese Australian

language plays an important role in the maintenance and expression of group and cultural identity. In a multicultural society such as Australia, the development of ethnolects and ethnic varieties of English is inevitable as integration of ethnic minorities into mainstream society occur, especially in the case where the mother tongue is phased out in favour of English. This socio-linguistic phenomenon can be seen in the case of young Lebanese Australians who have adopted features of their mother tongue into the Lebanese Australian English variety; for example the lexeme ‘habib’ is used extensively in the speech of young Lebanese Australians and has similar functions as the lexeme ‘mate’. However, according to a young Lebanese Australian: “habib and mate differ [because] mate is like a friend, just to make fun with them. But with the term 'habib ' when you 're talking to him, is like a serious talk.” The use of these lexemes juxtaposed with Standard English lexemes reflect the distinctiveness between Australian mainstream cultural values and Lebanese culture; where friendship is thought of being more intimate. Hence, language can reflect the values of their group and cultural identity, for example a Billboard advertisement of Surf Life Saving have used language to associate themselves as “a can-do movement. Optimistic at every turn”. The age long requirement of groups to be distinct can be achieved through the use of Jargon. From the time when Australia was first settled,…

family’s needs and kids’ education; the expenses needed to sustain a household in Lebanon can be a hassle with only a thousand dollars per month. Thus, the Lebanese youth is aimed toward searching for job opportunities abroad with higher salaries and better working and living environments. Older adults would still be motivated to do the shift to the United States for their children and their future generations to have supplementary chances of success regarding their education and…

Hezbollah, translated as the “Party of God”, is a Lebanon-based Shiite populous which has been a direct threat to many European Union (EU) countries as well as a direct threat to the United States. Hezbollah has murdered more Americans before September 11th, 2001 than any other hybrid threat or terrorist organization. How might they be so capable in achieving such atrocities? What defines Hezbollah as a hybrid threat? We have defined prior to this discussion board a hybrid threat as the…

authentic and pure version of Islam. ISIS has been striving for religious authenticity by repeatedly claiming and showing devotion to the religious text. In order to ensure authenticity, ISIS has been asserting, performing and defending its authenticity continuously (Hanieh, 2015). ISIS has been in tension with the House of Saud. This is because ISIS considers them as their enemy and aim in eliminating the monarchy who they perceived as pro American and unfit to be the ‘Guardian of the Two Holy…

recognized the color of the water around him and knew he was in the sea off Beirut. A dead body was floating beside him, apparently the object that had been smothering him. Several other people were flailing around in the water beside him, and nearby, an armored car belonging to the Lebanese army was sinking beneath the waves. Looking towards the shore, Soheil saw a black mushroom cloud with fire in its center rising hundreds of feet above the Beirut skyline. He wasn’t sure…

Intro Good Morning Year 11, Ms Walsh and Ms Sotirios. This morning I will be discussing the SBS documentary The Cronulla Riots. This documentary is an informative and educative text that provides responders with an insight into Australia's social and cultural context. I will be examining how contemporary texts offer modern possibilities, alongside interactive features and a combination of documentary techniques. The riots occurred on the 11 of December 2005, on the beachside suburb of Cronulla,…

policy that aimed to rid Australia of its Aboriginal population and thereby its Aboriginal 'problem '?”3 By taking away their culture we had taken a part of them, what had made them Aboriginal and what had made them such a “problem” because even though it was a judgmental time, there is still the fact that, as Dennis Foley claimed that skin color did not define Aboriginality.2 By taking away this part of their culture, we inadvertently lead Australia to a lack of understanding not only by…

of history are open-minded and that there is no information asymmetry between them. Saying this, Australia is in a unique perspective to acknowledge its ‘shared sense of history’. The history of Australia has often been surrounded with much stigma that has stemmed from the disdained treatment that the Aboriginal people received from the first English “settlers” in 1788. The vast difference between these two cultures has led to a conflict filled chapter of Australian history that is often over…

The psychological effects of facing health care for Australian Indigenous people. Indigenous people, when requiring westernised medical support, confront many issues. Facing treatment, stress can affect ones psyche, the family, the friends, and even community. Both stress and anxiety are major important factors, which require consideration when addressing the needs of Australian Indigenous groups. Health, development, personality and social factors can help explain psychological effects…

"The 7 Stages of Grieving still speaks to us. Wise, honest, tender, funny and eloquent, this work for solo performer still packs a punch" - Australian Stage The play, The 7 Stages of Grieving, was written by Deborah Mailman and Wesley Enoch. After 24 years, it is still as relevant and vital as ever in the fact that it conveys the grieving experienced by Aboriginals, thus the title. Directed by Jason Klarwein, this one-woman play starring Chenoa Deemal manages to convey dramatic meaning in its…