Laws of thermodynamics

Alphabet Energy Matt Scullin is the PhD student in UC Berkeley and he has high interests in thermoelectric technology. In his academic career, he found that the traditional way of power generating wastes about 60% energy. While with the thermoelectric technology people can generate electricity from wasted heat and it can improve efficiency in 10% to 25%. By using his own technology, Matt started a company called alphabet energy and producing superior thermoelectric device. He narrowed his…

For this part you will be “studying heat reaction values with Hess’s Law. In part 2A you will repeat the same experiment you did in part one and calculate the heat reaction. Part 2B you will conduct the same experiment, but this time you will be adding a solid NaOH reagent, as well as in part 2C, but without the presents…

3.2 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon nanotubes have remarkable adsorption behavior in purification and detoxification of the environmental pollutants[12]. Their characteristics of being highly porous, having large specific area and being not solvable in aqueous solution because of the high Van der Waals interaction forces on the tube walls(pi-stacking) allow them to be great environmental pollutants adsorbent in solution. Thus, researchers have been concentrated on aqueous solution purification…

Case Study 1: 1.The most likely cause of the ABO typing discrepancy in the reverse type is due to “unexpected antibodies” such as a cold/room temperature reacting alloantibody. 2.Since the auto control didn’t agglutinate, an alloantibody is suspected. With that being said, it needs to be one that reacts at room temperature. Furthermore, based on the antigen typing of the patient P1 is suspected to be interfering with the ABO results. The Lewis antigen was ruled out due to it being present on…

Energy can be potential or kinetic. Radiant energy is a form of Kinetic energy. Movement of atoms, molecules, objects, waves, substances referring to a Kinetic energy. There are many different forms of kinetic energies like sound, motion, thermal energy, electrical energy. Nevertheless, there would be no life on Earth without radiant energy. What is radiant energy? The energy of electromagnetic waves and gravitational radiation is radiant energy. Radiant energy is the result of a change in…

Theory: Boyle’s Law states that when temperature (T) is kept constant, pressure (P) and volume (V) have an inversely proportional relationship. Boyle’s constant (B) can be expressed by V=B/Pwhere volume is (in this lab) cm^3 and pressure is in atm. Charles’ Law states that when pressure is held constant, temperature and volume are directly proportional. Charles’ constant (C ) can be expressed by V=CTwhere volume is in cm^3 and temperature is in Kelvin. Gay-Lussac’s Law states that when…

there are two theories that are involved with the law of conservation and they are Bernoulli’s law and continuity equation. Bernoulli’s law is derived from the energy conservation between “kinetic energy and static energy associated with pressure” of an ideal fluid (Encyclopaedia Britannica, n.d.). An ideal fluid is a fluid with a steady flow, incompressible, does not generate heat and has no angular momentum (Brown, S n.d). W…

Thermal effect results from the change in the heat capacity of the gases in the combustion chamber. It is worth mentioning that EGR contains water and CO2 which have higher specific heat capacity than air. The change in absorbing heat is proportional to the added mass, to the heat capacity at constant pressure and to the difference in temperature between the EGR and the combustion temperature. ΔQ=Δm*Cp*(Tcom-Tegr) The change in specific heat capacity results from charge dilution and represents…

Table of Contents 1. Fluid Mechanics 1.1 Main Branches 1.1.1 Fluid Statics 1.1.2 Fluid Dynamics 1.2 Non-Newtonian and Newtonian Fluids 1.3 Fluids in technology 1.4 Fluid mechanics serving role in society 2. Capillary Effect 3. Self Perpetual motion 1. Fluid mechanics Fluid mechanics is related to the fluids that are in motion and forces acting on them. Fluid mechanics has two branches fluid statics and fluid dynamics. In Fluid Mechanics we actually observe fluid motion and…

Microwave (MW) assisted Esterification of Benzoic Acid (BA) offers the advantage of transformation of energy and heating throughout the volume efficiently in a shorter period and eliminates the use of excess solvent, during the course of reaction. The present study aims to assess the conversion and selectivity for the production of methyl benzoate compounds by esterification of benzoic acid using microwave irradiation. Effects of operating parameters such as reaction time, feed composition,…