Laws of thermodynamics

1. What factors should be considered to provide maximal protection when people are exercising in the cold? To avoid excessive heat loss, our bodies use peripheral vasoconstriction, nonshivering thermogenesis, and shivering, which is usually not enough. Peripheral vasoconstriction We must also rely on behavioral responses like huddling behavior and putting on more clothing to help insulate our deep body tissues from the environment. During aerobic exercise, clothing insulation and exercise…

The article, Aging Aquifers by Valerie King states the importance of dating groundwater. King begins by stating dating aquifers can predict 50 years down the road. It is important to date groundwater to know the accessibility of water for future use. Dennehy states, “In very old groundwater, when you’re extracting water you should realize that water took a long time to get into that location, so it would take a long time to replace that water” (King 11). Dating aquifers is done by testing the…

Figure 3 illustrates the original site plan of Nobbys lighthouse area, which includes a lighthouse building are located on the Nobbys island in the Newcastle East Heritage Conservation Area, which comprises the lighthouse, the light station, three associated cottages and the surrounding facilities such as the fencing, sheds and garages. All the buildings are stood on the Nobbys island with the elevation of 25 meters. The 0.23 m (9-inch) brickwork buttressed parapet define the perimeter and…

Temperature is the measure of hotness expressed in terms of various arbitrary scales such as Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin. The Fahrenheit scale sets 32° as the freezing temperature for water and it assigns 212° the boiling point for water (What is Temperature, 2015) At the temperature of Absolute Zero there is no motion and no heat. Absolute Zero will occur when every atomic and molecular movement ceases and is at the lowest temperature possible. Absolute Zero on the scale is 0 degrees…

Results: Table: Mass of alcohols combusted along with experimental and literary values for enthalpy change Alcohol Molar Mass (g/mol) Mass of Alcohol Combusted (g) Enthalpy (kJ/mol) Enthalpy literature value [Stretton n.d.] (kJ/mol) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average (mean) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average (mean) Ethanol 46.07 1.447 1.327 1.371 1.382 -133.1 -145.1 -140.5 -139.3 -1367 Propanol 60.10 1.133 1.375 1.255 1.254 -221.7 -182.7 -200.2 -200.3 -2021 Butanol 74.12 1.181 1.046 1.119 1.115…

Did you know that "insulation reduces average home heating and cooling costs by around 20%". Many parts of the country have changed in temperature that affects the comfort in homes and workplaces. Season to season, these temperatures drive people crazy. In cold weather, this means it keeps the warm air inside and in the hot weather, it prevents hot air from coming in. Insulation helps maintain comfort no matter where you are. The best types would be the ones that keep the hot air out in the…

Energy performance of the original house is not terribly bad but not satisfied, either. It wastes a huge amount of energy in cooling the living area. Strategies of achieving better passive heating and cooling will be illustrated as following. Reducing cooling energy consumption will be emphasized in designing the new house. The original orientation (315 degrees with living room faces south-west) resulted in excessive heat gain during summer, especially in the afternoon, and insufficient heat…

One of the challenges chemical engineers face with ethane cracking in a tubular reactor is the formation of a detrimental coke layer on the inner tube wall. According to the article [1], the mechanism is mainly induced by degradation of hydrocarbons to an aromatic structure by condensation and dehydrogenation. This brings about a bunch of various effects described in the article. In my model built during the term project, I decided to introduce a new effect of reducing the diameter, consider…

Maciej Szwoch Chm 131-005 5/5/18 Writing Assignment Figure 1 [This diagram shows at what temperatures/pressures water changes phases. As shown in Figure 1 (“Interactive Student Tutorial”) above water turns into a gas at 100 degrees Celsius. At 0 degrees Celsius and below it becomes a solid. This diagram makes it easy to see that the energy needed (temperature) to change phases greatly increases] Molality Molality is the number of Moles of solute divided by kilograms of solvent (Tutapoint…

Introduction Heat exhaustion is a condition caused by exposure to extreme heat. Heat exhaustion means that your body is too hot. Your body cools itself by sweating. When your body cannot cool down, you could develop heat exhaustion. Untreated heat exhaustion could lead to heat stroke. Heat stroke can be deadly. Elderly adults have a greater risk for heat exhaustion than younger adults. Other adults who may be at higher risk are those who are overweight, have high blood pressure, or have heart…