Lawrence Kohlberg

In this essay, classicist explanations of crime and criminality will be compared and contrasted against positivist explanations of crime and criminality. The social world is always changing, influencing how society views crime (White and Haines, 2008). This causes the explanations provided by different criminological theories to vary. Classicism developed in the 18th century and positivism followed in the 19th century (Tierney, 2006), offering different concepts of criminality, however there are…

are engaged in the analytical process of learning the material, which in turn means that they are more likely to retain the information (Blake). Education outreach also capitalizes on the theories of moral development developed by psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg. People are either pre-conventional, meaning they fear punishment, conventional, meaning they care about what people think, or are post-conventional, meaning they chose to do the right thing because it is fair and just. Pre-conventional…

CHAPTER SEVEN The Ethic of Care Gilligan (1982) defined the ethic of care as an activity of relationship, of seeing and responding to need, of taking care of the world by sustaining the web of connection so that no one is left alone. Gilligan wrote that My research suggests that men and women may speak different languages that they assume are the same, using similar words to encode disparate experiences of self and social relationships. Because these languages share an overlapping moral…