Large intestine

Classification Escherichia coli is a bacterium that is mostly found in humans and other animals. It is a unicellular micro-organism, making its Domain and Kingdom Bacteria. E. coli’s Phylum is Proteobacteria because it is a gram-negative bacterium. It is also in the Phylum Proteobacteria because of the lipopolysaccharides that protect the cell membrane. E. coli is a facultative anaerobic G- bacterium, making its Class Gamma Proteobacteria. Because of its rod-shape, E. coli’s Order is…

The goblet cells of the intestinal epithelium secrete layers of mucus that prevent microbiota from contacting the epithelium too closely. The outer layer of mucus houses a large concentration of microbes whereas the inner mucus layer cannot be penetrated. However, because of the huge diversity and quantity of gut microbiota there is moments when the inner mucous is breached. The bacteria that have migrated into the inner mucus…

result, approximately 75% of untreated patients experience severe neurological dysfunction (Brumm and Grant, 2010). Phe is a large neutral amino acid that competes for transport across the blood brain barrier via the L-type amino acid carrier. Excessive levels of Phe in the blood saturates these transporters and subsequently cause a decrease in transportation of other large neutral amino acids into the brain which is required for protein and neurotransmitter synthesis (Blau et al., 2010).…

This essay provides a brief description of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), a mutation on the APC gene (Cleveland Clinic, 2016, pg. 1). It discusses the beginning ages for FAP and some genetic testing options for said disease, including how accurate such tests are. The remaining portion of this paper explores my stated opinion on whether or not adolescents should be tested for late-onset genetic diseases, such as FAP. A Brief Description of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)…

based on where it forms. Osteosarcoma forms in bone, rhabdomyosarcoma forms in muscle, and liposarcoma forms in fat. Treatment depends on the type of the Sarcoma. Leukemia is cancer that begins in blood-forming tissue, like the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be made and enter the bloodstream. Central nervous system cancer is cancer that forms in the tissues of…

The food then proceeds down the esophagus and then it is directed into the stomach. In the stomach, the food is broken down more using the stomach acids that break down the food. Later it moves into the intestine where nutrients from the food is absorbed. After the food travels through the intestine, it moves into the colon where waste is removed. The food, soon coming to the end of its journey then moves in the rectum and leaves through the anus. This process is similar to the one of a human…

During the Body Works experiments the patient performed a number of tasks. The patient performed a task called the Eat Healthy (My Pyramid/Diabetes) where she picked out a number of meals that represented the types of meals that she would eat on any given day. She selected foods like spaghetti and meatballs, a turkey sandwich, hamburger and fries, and a chocolate ice cream bar. After the patient was finished picking through the menu the machine then gave her a total for the amount of calories…

Exam II BIO 235 1.A. Citrobacter diversus is gram negative and is a member of the Enterobacteriacea family. This is a large group which is found in water, soil, decaying matter, and even the large intestines of humans, animals, and insects. This group of bacteria is known for being responsible for hospital acquired infections which have been named nosocomial infections. Oftentimes, they can be opportunistic infections which means they often do not cause infection in immunocompetent individuals…

proliferation and differentiation processes of IECs (Mu¨ ller et al., 2005; Yunus et al., 2011). In this regard, previous studies performed on rats showed that aflatoxin B1 decreases proliferation of epithelial cells throughout the intestine (in the small intestine and colon) (Fleming et al., 1994). Although administration of AFB1 would not be expected to enhance tumor formation in GIT, one study indicated that there was an important relationship between the occurrence of colon carcinoma and…

diarrhea, or changes in bowel movements that last longer than average. An individual may feel tired, experience weight loss. An infected person may have bloody stools or long thin pencil stools(normally indicating the tumor has obstructed the large intestine). Bloating or discomfort in the stomach, the rectum may cramp or if the disease has reached an advanced stage,…