Large intestine

Background information Structure of the large intestine The large intestine (also known as large bowel or colon) is the last part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It extends from the cecum to the anus, with the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon and the rectum in between. The large intestine consists of four layers of tissue: the mucosa, submucosa, muscle and serosa (figure 1). The mucosa is made out of an epithelial layer, with a layer of connective tissue, called the lamina propria, underneath it. The lamina propria contains immune cells, capillaries, a spare layer of smooth muscle, also known as the lamina muscularis mucosae, and enteric neurons. Intestinal stem cells are localized at the bottom of epithelial crypts. (1) They give rise to progenitor cells, which can differentiate into different subtypes of cells that comprise the…

Colitis in the body that ultimately begin and progress through the large intestine. These studies have led to information that allows physicians to help their patients control the symptoms of this disease and enable them to lead a normal life. However, through the research that has been done no significant information has led to the cure of this disease or what truly causes it in the first place. The cause for this disease must be determined to allow prevention and there must be research leading…

Animals and humans have bacterial populations all over their body. However, the gastrointestinal microbiome is one of the most complex and dense populations studied (Todar, 2012). The mammalian gastrointestinal tract is comprised of about four million bacterial genes with more than 95% located in the large intestine (Galland, 2014). The gastrointestinal microbiota varies along the tract at longitudinal levels and horizontal levels due to particular bacteria attaching to the epithelium in the…

The next few hours are a complete blur; someone, some faceless person in the room, spoke up and explained that the surgeon started with a half-inch incision and scope, but he couldn’t find the afflicted appendix. Rather than taking the extra precaution and doing an MRI to find the appendix, he cut me open, giving me a seven-inch scar, and looked for it, well, manually. They not only discovered that there was nothing wrong with my appendix, but it was on the wrong side of my body, which…

Understanding the development and the surgical repair of an inguinal hernia requires understanding the embryology of testicular descent and the formation of the processus vaginalis(Brandt,2008). The processus vaginalis is a fold of the peritoneum proteruded as finger like projection, attached to the testicle that trails behind as it descends from the retroperitoneum into the scrotum(Lakhoo,2009).. Testicular descent involves 2 phases: intra-abdominal and extra-abdominal…

Hirschsprung's Disease Hirschsprung's disease is a condition that affects the large intestine (colon) and causes problems with using the restroom properly. The condition is present at birth as a result of missing nerve cells in the muscles of the baby's colon. A newborn who has Hirschsprung's disease usually can't have a bowel movement in the days after birth. In mild cases, the condition might not be detected until later in childhood. Uncommonly, Hirschsprung's disease is…

partial colectomy Overview: The colon (large intestine) is the last part of the digestive tract. This part of the intestine works to absorb water and store food waste. The colon is a muscular tube-like. This tube has a very smooth coating. The coating consists of millions of cells. The two points in an adult are about 4 - 6 feet long. The rectum is the last 6 inches of the colon. A colectomy is a surgery to remove all or part of the colon. causes: This is done to remove the disease causing the…

exact diagnosis. One form of treatment that is affected by drowsiness is walking. Veterinarians often advise horse owners to walk their horses when an impaction colic is suspected. The movement of the intestines and muscles from walking can help move the impaction through the horse’s digestive tract and out of the body. If an animal is drowsy due to a medication they receive, they will be more reluctant to walking. This is why it is crucial that any horse owner get medical advice when treating…

Disease Derell L Latin Jr Brookhaven College Regional enteritis, but most commonly known as Crohn’s Disease is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the intestines causing swelling and irritation. Most commonly it affects the small intestines and beginning of the large intestine, but can affect any portion of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Crohn’s can affect men and women of all ages, but is likely to affect people between the ages…

So I swam to the bottom to the tube to the small intestine. I was in a dark, foul-smelling, creepy place, I was in the small intestine. I suddenly remembered that in the small intestine, there was bile and pancreatic juice that would break my fat down, I had to dodge this, so I climbed upside down all they way to the tube to the large intestine. "Man, I can't believe that it has been like 5 hours!" I thought. Inside the large intestine, I threw up, it was disgusting, I was a mad scientist to…