Laity

Tyndale's ultimate fate was to be betrayed and burned at the stake. While he lost his life, his work would be rescued in the wake of dramatic events in England involving the monarchy. The actions of Henry VIII with regards to his marriage led England down a path towards divorcing the Catholic Church. The beginning of the Reformation in England set the stage for what is now known as the King James Versions, a translation that still holds a lot of sway, even in present times. The tradition of…

(Glavich 50). At 21, she believed she was given a ring of Jesus’ skin, which was invisible. It symbolized that she was married to Jesus (Saint Catherine of Siena). At 23, St. Catherine became a well-known, spiritual guide to priests, religious, and laity. Saint Catherine then became traveling for work. She was involved in politics. During her travels, she continued…

Ostherr also convincingly connects her evidence to her sub-claims and central argument. In Chapter One, Ostherr uses the Rockefeller Foundation’s production of Unhooking the Hookworm as an example of how biopower works—the health film had the ability to either “help viewers imagine unseen worlds and change their behavior accordingly [emphasis added], or alternatively, to reject the visualization as implausible and, therefore, irrelevant to their daily life,” in which case biopower would not have…

Francis Wayland’s Notes on the Principles and Practices of Baptist Churches is an extensive anthology of papers, essays, and instructions on Baptist faith and practice. The subjects of the work sprawl from specifically Baptist theological, ethical, and political commitments—i.e., principles—to concrete issues of polity, preaching, ordination, membership, theological curriculum, and sermon preparation—i.e., practices. What unites these essays, of course, is their Baptist distinctiveness, which,…

The Russian state has a very long history in correlation with religion. Christianity was first introduced to Russia by the Byzantine Empire. Trading ties between Russia and the Byzantine Empire was very strong. Through contact with Byzantines, Russians were influenced by their religion, government, architecture, and art. As a result Russians tried to imitate the Byzantines system of government and adopted Christianity. It was not until 988 that Christianity was the state religion as established…

Origin: The doctrine of indulgences rested on three principles. First, god is merciful and just. Second Christ and the Saints, through their infinite virtue established a “treasury of merits”, on which the church could draw, due to its special relationship with Christ and the Saints. Third, the church had the authority to grant sinners the spiritual benefits of those with merits. An indulgence was originally a remission of the priest-imposed penalties of sin- the church had often granted…

lay people. While studying the Scriptures, Luther came to the conclusion that salvation was achieved not by indulgences or only good works by faith alone. Luther came from a working class background and for those reasons he did not want to see the laity taken advantage of by the clergy. Luther hoped to initiate reform within the Catholic Church. To accomplish this goal…

The Crusades originated in 1096 as religious inspired military campaigns to recapture the Holy Land of Jerusalem from the Muslims and protect Christendom. Throughout the course of the Crusades, crusaders attacked fellow Christians, allied with Muslims, and went to other locations, including the Byzantine Empire and Languedoc. While other crusaders fought Christian heretics in the Albigensian Crusade, the Children’s Crusade of 1212 sought to fulfill the mission and travel to Jerusalem. Although…

congregants, the other organizations all fall into the Anglo type as founders. These communities now vary in being majority Anglo, Black, Latino, or having no majority at all. To gather information the researchers relied on interviews with leadership and laity at these organizations as well as with people who had previously been a part of them but were not currently attending. They also consider how individuals rank and perceive friendships within their organization, and how these friendships…

A common definition of religion is a set of beliefs that is held by a group of people. A primary definition of religious which is available in standard dictionaries reads something like “of, concerned with, or teaching religion,” and this is what people normally mean when they say things like “Christianity is a religious belief system”. The terms religion and religious clearly originate from a similar root and one would think that it means the same, one as a thing and other as a descriptive word…