Lagging indicator

ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF SODIUM CHLORIDE, SODIUM FORMATE AND AMMONIUM CHLORIDE INTRODUCTION The objective of this experiment is to examine the definitive characteristics of acids and bases by investigating the characteristics of strong versus weak acids; more specifically, why these differences are important in the process of titrations. In this experiment, there are two titrations performed and measured the pH of one salt solution. This experiment includes a strong acid and strong base…

number of mL or moles needed to reach the endpoint, the greater the buffering capacity. This is because it signifies that the highest concentration buffer resist the most change in pH. If a student were to use the bromothymol blue indicator instead of the thymol blue indicator in Part B, he/she would not be able to test the buffering capacity of acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer by adding HCl because bromothymol blue changes color when the buffering…

Conclusion: I predicted that liquid A was glycerine due to a calculated density of 1.38 g/mL. However I was wrong the actual density of liquid A was 1.38 g/mL and the substance was actually corn syrup. Therefore the percent of error for the density of liquid is 1%. For liquid B I had predicted that its substance would be Glycerine due to the calculated density of 1.19 g/mL. I was incorrect for the density of liquid B which was actually 1.26 g/mL, but because the calculated and actual densities…

The two main purposes of the lab were to determine the percent by mass of acetic acid in vinegar and to determine the molar concentration of a strong acid. In both parts of the experiment a volumetric analysis was used. This is primarily the aid of volumetric glassware in order to determine specific measurements and calculations. Potassium hydrogen phthalate was used as the primary acid standard to determine the molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in part one of the experiment.…

Antacids are a class of medicine which assist to balance the acidity/ pH balance in your stomach. The pH system is a scale which measures how acidic a substance is or how basic a substance is or if a substance is neutralized. Antacids have the ability to give relief for heartburn, indigestion or symptoms of acid reflux. There are many types of antacids such as calcium, aluminum and magnesium. They’re many ways to consume antacids such as liquids, tablets and chewable tablets. The experiment will…

Discussion: Each test is a pertinent contribution to drawing an educated conclusion. After performing the gram staining and observing which unknown culture was gram positive, a catalase test was performed. The catalase test allows lab workers to differentiate Staphylococci and Streptococci genus. The test was performed only on the gram-positive culture. Bacteria that respire by the use of oxygen, otherwise known as aerobic respiration, produce enzyme or “catalase”. This protects the bacteria…

The objective of the lab was to determine the densities of known and unknown metal solids and liquids. For the liquids, initially, an Electronic Scale was placed onto Work Bench, and it was zeroed. An empty 50 mL Graduated Cylinder was placed onto the scale, weighing 54.00 grams. In increments of 10 mL. Until the volume was 30.00 Ml, 10.00 mL of water was poured into the Graduated Cylinder. In between each increase of 10.00 mL, the total volume and mass were recorded. For the known metals, the…

Danika Ng CHEM 1252 L Exp 12: Thermodynamic Analysis of Chemical Equilibria INTRODUCTION The reaction being done with borax and HCl is an acid base reaction. The K constant expression of the reaction is Kc = [Na^+][B4O7^-2]. A titration is needed for this experiment because when a strong acid with a known concentration is added to a weak base, the unknown concentration of the weak base can be found, which can then find the moles of the weak base, which can then find the Kc. The first law of…

NIMOTOP INJECTION Nimodipine 0.02% solution contains the following excipients: Ethanol 96%, Macrogol 400, sodium citrate, citric acid, Water for Injections Ph. Eur. These excipients consist of properties that aim towards the proper functionality of Nimotop. They consist of inherent stabilities that cause little or no effect in the stability of the drug and they do not have any acute or chronic toxicity. The excipients are also added into the Nimodipine 0.02% solution to enhance the biological…

I. DETERMINATION OF ACIDITY: Acidity was obtained by titrimetric method. Required chemicals are: - Methyl orange indicator (1-2 drops), Phenopthelene indicator (1-2 drops), and titrate with NaOH (0.02 N) till orange colour change to pink color. J.DTERMINATION OF DO: WINKLER METHOD DO was obtained by titrimetric method. The amount of Dissolved Oxygen, or DO, in water is expressed as…