1.10. Uses of Lactic acid Lactic acid and some of its derivatives (salts and esters) are used in three main applications: foods, polymers, and industrial. Figure 2: Uses of lactic acid [22] 1.10.1. Food The food industry is the traditional large consumer of lactic acid and lactate salts. It is mainly used as an acidulant and preservative. Lactic acid has a mild acid taste and does not overpower weaker aromatic flavors. Since it occurs naturally, it does not introduce a foreign element into…
Polylactic Acid Plastics have played a major role in shaping modern society, ultimately improving the quality of life. Making up most things man-made, plastics surround us every day. They possess unique characteristics; plastics can be tough and rigid yet still flexible and can be opaque yet transparent. The building blocks of plastics are small organic molecules often known as monomers, which then join to other monomers creating long molecule chains called polymers in a process called…
is a neutralization reaction. A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound (a salt) and water; the resulting pH is closer to 7. The general chemical equation for a neutralization reaction is: Acid + Base Water + Ionic Compound This can also be considered as a double displacement reaction. However, since the reacts are an acid (carbonic acid) and a base (sodium hydroxide) and the products are a salt (sodium carbonate) and water…
Introduction: Many chemical compounds are broken down into two very distinct categories: acidic or basic. Acidic, based on the Bronsted-Lowry Theory, is defined as a proton (H+) donor. An equation exemplifying an acid dissolving in water is: HCl (g) H2O H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) A base, based on the Bronsted-Lowry Theory, is defined as a proton (H+) acceptor. An equation exemplifying a base dissolving in water: NaOH (s) H2O Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Molarity, also known as the concentration…
nanomechanical retention which is due to polymerisation of hydrophilic monomers around acid exposed collagen fibres.1 The entanglement of these monomers within the exposed collagen fibres gives rise to the so called Hybrid layer , which is also referred as Resin infiltrated Dentin layer.2 The presence of hybrid layer is important for attainment of a leakage free interface between the cavity walls and resin composite.2 After acid etching, the demineralized collagen matrix is present in a…
life. Pollution is creating a positive feedback loop in our freshwater aquatic life, including the killings of many of freshwater wildlife. Through the analysis of several different articles and books, this review will look over how eutrophication, acid rain, and heavy metal pollution effects freshwater aquatic life. Eutrophication is a process in which there are extra fertilizers, and other types of materials which runs off into…
on it which would have been removed with the stick. It is less clear why the benzoic acid was overproduced. Some of the organic layer may have been drawn off with it, but the vacuum filtration should have left only the benzoic acid. There could have been an error in weighing the filter paper before the procedure. There also could have been contaminants in the basic extract, causing more than just the benzoic acid to be filtrated. There is also the chance that too much starting material was…
Dianne Termine Honors Chemistry Period 5 Group: 22 Topic: Dissolving Alka-Seltzer in Different Liquids Due Date: September 30, 2016 (2) Background Research The topic of this experiment is investigating and researching whether different properties in different types of liquids affect the amount of time it takes for an Alka-Seltzer to dissolve. The independent variable would be the amount of liquid being used to dissolve the Alka-Seltzer pill. The dependent variable would be the amount of…
Nite Lab the equipment was: a balance, a crucible, a Bunsen Burner, a 150 mL Erlenmeyer flask, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, a syringe, two 50 mL beakers, magnesium (Mg), Copper(II) Carbonate Hydroxide Hydrate (Cu2CO3(OH)2 x H2O,) 6M Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Zinc (Zn),…
1.4 Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC)Type Formula F12 was utilized to study the effect of changing the type of MCC(Avecil PH-101 ) as a carrier material instead of (Avecil PH-102) in F8 on the dissolution behavior of the prepared Zolmitriptan liquisolid ODTs. Although the DT of formula F12 (79 sec.) was greater than F8 (48 sec.) as in Table(18),the dissolution behavior of the formula F12 was faster than F8 as in Table (18) and Figure (48), this difference was non…