a 25-mL round-bottomed flask along with a stir bar. To dissolve the camphene, 3.0 mL of glacial acetic acid was added into the flask. The flask was fastened onto a ring stand and immersed in a water bath that was on top of a stir plate. A thermometer wire was placed in the water bath to monitor the temperature throughout the experiment. After the camphene dissolved, 0.50 mL of 8 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was added. To prepare for heating, a cork was placed upside down to cap the mixture and…
9. RESULTS Table 8: Pre Formulation Study S.NO API CHARACTERISATION RESULTS 1 Physical Appearance a white to slightly pink crystalline powder 2 Melting point 138-148 ºC 3 Bulk density 0.396 gm/ml 4 Tapped Density 0.421 gm/ml 5 Carr’s index/Compressibility index 5.94 6 Hausner’s Ratio 1.063 Conclusion: The value of compressibility index above 25%, 15-25%, less than10% indicates poor flowability, optimum flowability and high flowability respectively. As Efaverinz value is <10 so it exhibits…
2.4 IL-DLLME procedures For IL-DLLME under optimum conditions, 10 mL of the sample solution containing Cd2+ or Ni2+ and PAN (10−5mol L−1) was adjusted to pH in a glass test tube with a conical bottom test tube. Using a microsyringe, the mixture of the extraction solvent ([Hmim][PF6]) and disperser solvent (acetonitrile) was rapidly injected into the previously mentioned aqueous sample. A cloudy solution (water, acetonitrile and [Hmim][PF6] ) was formed in the test tube. The ions reacted with…
A simple, economic, selective, precise, accurate and sensitive HPTLC method for analysis of Cilnidipine and Chlorthalidone, as a bulk drug and in formulation, was developed and validated according to ICH guidelines. The method employed HPTLC aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase while the solvent consisted of Toluene: Methanol: Ethyl acetate (8:2:0.1 v/v/v). The system was found to give compact spot for drug (Rf value of Cilnidipine and Chlorthalidone was…
Abstract For this experiment the amount of zinc in vitamin water had to be determined. To do this, three methods were applied. The first was by a calibration plot method, where zinc standards were prepared and from the absorbance of those standards a calibration curve was plotted, which in turn was used to determine the amount of zinc in vitamin water. The second method was standard addition. For this method, an un-spiked and spiked solution were prepared. The un-spiked solution only contained…
Also, we used acidic indicator phenolphthalein to determine the end point of experiment when the color turns from colorless into red or pink. Potassium acid phthalate is our primary standard and this huge molecule has molecular mass equal to 204.2 g/mol. (KHC_8 H_4 O_4 ) and it has abbreviation as KHP. Also KHP is monoprotic and will react in a simple one to one ratio: NaOH(aq) + KHC_8 H_4 O_4 (aq) →KNaC_8…
concentration of 0.075%) was added and incubated for 1h. The supernatant was discarded and the cells in 96-well plates were washed with PBS twice to remove the neutral red that was not phagocytized by macrophages. Then cell lysate (ethanol and 0/01 % acetic acid at the ratio of 1∶1, 200 µl/well) was added to lyse cells. After cells were incubated at 4℃ overnight, the optical density at 490 nm was measured by a microplate reader. 2.6. Phagocytosis Assay by opsonized heat-killed baker's…
The main principle of manufacture of urea has two main reactions. 2NH3 + CO2 NH2COONH4 -37.4 Kcal/mol NH2COONH4 NH2CONH2 + H2O + 6.3 Kcal/mol While going main reactions, the undesirable side reaction taking place is 2NH2CONH2 NH2CONHCONH2 (Biuret) + NH3 This process is further complicated by the formation of a substance called biuret, NH2CONHCONH2, which should be kept low because it adversely affects the growth…
Claim, Evidence and Reasoning Graphic Organizer Question: Are Fat and Soap Different Substances? Claim: Fat and soap are different substances. Evidence (from your data) Solubility - Fat was soluble in oil. Soap was not soluble in oil. Fat was not soluble in water. Soap was soluble in water. Reasoning (why does the above piece of evidence support your claim?) The above piece of evidence supports my claim because it proves that in the same substance (H2O), fat and soap have different…
[mol/dm3] sulphuric acid was added to the flask, and shaken well with the stopper. The name of the members and the date was written on the flask, and was left for a week for the iron sulphate tablets to fully dissolve in the acid. After the tablets have fully dissolved, the whole solution was filtered using a filter paper and a funnel into a 100 [cm2] volumetric flask. The remaining residue in the filter paper was rinsed with a small amount of distilled water. Then, sulphuric acid was added to…