Kin selection

The primitively social behavior of Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini): a view from the perspective of kin selection theory and models of reproductive skew. The evolution of social behavior is perhaps one of the most controversial topics of biology, since the emergence of such behavior implies the evolution of altruistic traits that reduce the chance of reproduction (fitness) of individuals, through Natural Selection ( Freeman & Herron, 2009). Currently, there are models that link outputs for this apparent paradox, being the "Kinship Selection Theory" or "Theory of Fitness Inclusive", proposed by Hamilton (1964), which produced the greatest scientific impact (Queller & Strassmann, 1998; Keller & Chapuisat, 1999; Strassmann et al, 2011;. Liao, Rong & Queller, 2015). According of Kin Selection Theory, the evolution of altruistic behavior, such as the reproductive division of labor, is associated with the genetic relatedness among group members. By granting reproductive opportunities for related individuals can obtain reproductive success. As related individuals share alleles by descent when an individual help your relative to reproduce, he's going through…

1 Describe how the authors use previous research to explain the importance of their study. Close relatives should gain inclusive fitness benefits according to kin selection theory. Nevertheless, the relationship between kin and non-kin, dominant and subdominant of wild fish such as Atlantic salmon is unclear. Recent research stated that related individuals show close relationship with another. And other study showed that related fish is not likely to be related (Griffiths and Armstrong 2002).…

Having demolished group selection arguments there is still a need for mechanisms to show how actual observed cases of altruism, for example the female coalitions in the Langur case, or seeming altruism (nepotism) can emerge from methodological individualism (Dawkins 1976, ). In order to do so socio-biologists redefined what exactly an “altruist” is and therefore what an altruistic act is (Trivers 1971), and drew distinctions between such an act and nepotism directed at ones kin (Hamilton 1964).…

Volunteering became my life whenever I wasn’t in school. I desire to help others was constant. The local wildlife shelter became my second home almost. I was there almost every single day after school. The work wasn’t always fun, but I knew I was making a difference to the animals’ lives. When I first arrived, I started out cleaning cages and cutting up the raw meat and fish. However, after I had been there for roughly four or five months I was able to start working directly with the animals.…

contrast two theories that explain altruism in humans. Those two theories are the kin selection theory, which is a biological explanation, and the empathy-altruism theory, which is a cognitive explanation. First approach to explain altruism is the kin selection theory that based on evolution theory. The kin selection theory is about the idea that individuals tend to sacrifice themselves for relatives in order to pass their genes to next generation. To support this theory, Sime (1983) conducted…

protecting the nest (which is where they live) getting food, and tending the larvae. This behavior is very altruistic because sterile workers do not leave any offspring of their own, so therefore personal fitness of zero but their own actions assist the reproductive efforts of the queen. The existence of altruism in nature is pretty much the first sight to puzzling and that’s when Natural selection falls in, it leads us humans to expect animals to behave in certain ways that will increase their…

Now comes the time to reveal the truth of why people choose to help others. People decide to help others due to our instinctual nature as social creatures who want our own species to survive and thrive we want to help others because we know that they are similar to ourselves. For instance, in the movie, How to Train your Dragon, Hiccup, the main character, works together with his dragon, Toothless, to stop an evil dragon named Red Death which terrorizes other dragons and forces them to attack…

How would kin selection explain Steven’s behavior? Kin selection could explain Steven’s behavior in that people are more likely to aid a genetic relative in cases where someone could experience harm from helping another. Since it Steven’s twin sister that is bullying, rather than a stranger, it is more likely he feels compelled to come to her aid to stop the bullying. 3. How would norm of reciprocity explain Steven’s…

with no aim of reward or gain. This is the question of altruism. Altruism is defined as an act that an individual engages in, that presents a benefit to the recipient but comes at a cost to the individual presenting the act. In evolutionary terms the costs and rewards are based on reproductive success and fitness, and this is measured by the number of copies of a gene that is passed on to generations. The existence of altruism is an issue for Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, as…

The commitment of this research project is to comprehend the essential elements of the development of the personality trait cooperation. As noted, this research will also provide the evolutionary explanation for how cooperation manifested through sociobiological function. It intends to communicate the consequences of self- interest and collaborative behavior; likewise, how does the cooperative trait benefit an individual socially and independently and whether natural selection reveals a…