Kidney stone

“More than 123,000 men, women and children currently need lifesaving organ transplants.” (Donate Life 1). That staggering number is continuously on the rise because of new diseases and, simply put, because there are just not enough organ donors to keep up with the demand for saving lives. In recent years, scientists have been working on discovering how to create a perfectly matched organ for its recipient in an effort to decrease the organ rejection rate. By decreasing the rejection rate,…

Urethral Stricture Urethral stricture is narrowing of the tube (urethra) that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. The urethra can become narrow due to scar tissue from an injury or infection. This can make it difficult to pass urine. In women, the urethra opens above the vaginal opening. In men, the urethra opens at the tip of the penis, and the urethra is much longer than it is in women. Because of the length of the male urethra, urethral stricture is much more common in men.…

Liver Disease Liver Failure is a disease in the liver often caused by other previous diseases, such as Hepatitis A, B, C, and D, but can also be caused by excessive alcohol consumption and other minor diseases. There are two forms of liver disease; chronic and acute. People with chronic liver failure experience their symptoms over a long period of time, and if not properly treated, can lead to Cirrhosis. Patients with acute liver disease, however, experience their symptoms over a much…

A catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is an infection in the urinary system, which includes the bladder and the kidneys, through the travel of bacteria along the catheter. CAUTIs are one of the most prevalent hospital acquired infections in the United States. They account for 34% of all hospital acquired infections. “More than 500,000 CAUTIs are reported annually in the United States, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality and excess resource utilization” (Fink &…

AQP1 is found in the blood vessels, kidney proximal tubules, eye, and ear. AQP2 is expressed in the kidney collecting ducts. These two Aquaporins deal with regulating the osmolarity and the reabsorption of the nephron (distal tubule and collecting duct). In the research done by Noda on Aquaporins in kidney pathophysiology, the question of how much process has been made on understanding the regulation and pathophysiological…

There are many people dying every year for diseases that need special technology to fight against them. Despite the high number of diseases, scientists have developed new inventions as an answer to keep alive millions of people. An example of those inventions there is the pacemaker, which is a device to recovery the people that have heart diseases by electrical impulses for revitalizing and regulating the heart function. In addition, the Pacemaker as an invention was thanking Australians…

Dear Sir or Madam, Situated in the abdomen of vertebrates, and involved in many metabolic processes, I for one Liver, remain the second-largest organ. I perform numerous processes assisting with digestion, metabolism, immunity, including the storage of nutrients. I’m a glandular organ divided by openings. I operate in the emission of bile (Greenish liquid that responsible for chemical digestion of fats if your unaware) along with numerous metabolic processes. These processes are essential for…

The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from various kind of damage, such as loss of water or abrasion from outside. you have a whole new layer of skin every month. I think it a fun fact because I never knew we have a whole new layer of skin every month and I think it is so cool. Hair grows about one centimeter per month.…

sodium excretion was present. The overall values are present and can be seen in Table 1 to observe the pattern present. Conclusion The renal system is built as interwoven machinery that fully functions if all parts are working properly together. The kidney is a regulator of homeostasis that is vital to the survival of cells that make up the body system by evaluating the functions of fluid, electrolyte and pH balance. The sodium and water intake concentrations are monitored and adjusted to…

system is made up of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The urinary system’s basic function is to filter out waste and other materials from the bloodstream that are then transferred out of the system in the form of urine. Please refer to page 944 in the textbook for a complete picture diagram. • Kidneys: We normally have two kidneys; these kidneys measure 4 to 5 inches each. The main job of the kidneys is to filter all of our blood in our bodies. The kidneys will remove…