Ketosis

According to The American Diabetes Association, “Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Chronic hyperglycemia found in patients with diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels” (p.1). There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Insulin management is needed for…

Diabetes Mellitus is a hormonal disorder of the pancreas. Diabetes Mellitus is a lifelong metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from a lack of insulin, which requires lifestyle and behavioral changes. There are three types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2 that are separate and distinct pathophysiological entities, and Gestational Diabetes. According to Kowalski (2012 p.1294) “Type 1 Diabetes results from destruction of the pancreatic beta cells because the beta cells of the…

resulting from uncontrolled hyperglycemia is hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS). This condition is more rare than DKA and has a higher mortality rate. The signs, symptoms and treatment are very similar, however patients with HHS do not develop ketosis. Patients have severe diuresis resulting in profound dehydration that leads to changes in mental status. Also, HHS is more common in individuals with type 2 diabetes. It is important to maintain hydration, but at a rate that will not cause…

Homeostasis - Blood Glucose Regulation Homeostasis refers to the (relatively) constant physiological state of the body despite fluctuations in the external environment. Homeostasis maintains a relatively constant physiological state by keeping functions such as temperature, blood pressure, pH levels, glucose concentration and many more of the body’s systems at safe levels. For example if a person has low or high blood sugar (hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia) their internal state is in danger…

Lipid Digestion: Absorption and Transport of Lipids Lipid digestion occurs primarily in the small intestine though a small amount of lipids are broken down in the stomach. Special enzymes called lipases breakdown triglycerides the most abundant lipids in the diet and phospholipids. Lingual lipase secreted by glands in the tongue and gastric lipase secreted by gastric chief cells hydrolyze a small amount of triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides. As chyme enters the duodenum from the…

can’t use any other form of energy, and the brain and nerve tissues prefer carbohydrates. Without carbohydrates the body resorts to breaking down protein to make glucose and converting fat to ketone bodies, which can eventually accumulate and cause ketosis. My total fat intake is 34%, compared to the DRI recommendation of 15-35% of total calories from fat. I fall high on this range,…

Introduction Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common disease in canines with many different complications. Some of these complications include cataracts, urinary tract infections, metabolic acidosis, nephropathy, hepatic lipidosis and liver failure (Hiblu et al., 2015). It affects middle aged to geriatric canines in the majority of cases, which are characterized by hyperglycemia, glycosuria and weight loss, which leads to deficiency of insulin. There are two types of DM in canines that are…

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is identified as a metabolic disorder, directly involving the pancreas which has a chronic effect on the body in those who are diagnosed. The lack of insulin production and/or the body’s decreased ability to use insulin effectively is what leads to the disease process causing multiple body systems to undergo changes as a result (Shrivastava, 2013). DM can be classified into two categories: Type 1 or Type 2. The National Diabetes Statistics Report 2014, consensus that 29.1…

An epileptic seizure is a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain and is caused by an abnormal and excessive electrical discharge of a group of neurons within the brain. “Epilepsy is the condition of recurrent spontaneous seizures arising from abnormal electrical activity in the brain.” (Stafstorm & Rho 2014) Anyone can experience a seizure under the right conditions while epilepsy suggests an enduring variation of brain function that facilitates seizure reoccurrence. At a basic level…

However, with the minimal amount of food that is offered on this diet, the lost pounds will most likely be in the way of fluid or lean muscle, not fat loss. Although the foods that are permitted on this diet are healthy, the individual has not learned how to incorporate these foods into their everyday life. The 3 Day Diet does not promote exercise, and recommends that it be followed for only 3 days, followed by a minimum of 4 – 5 days undefined ‘normal’ eating. In the long term, the dieter…