K-means clustering

In order to construct the interdependent modular networks, first, two isolated networks labeled A and B was generated and both A and B are small-world modular networks[3, 46], where each modular has the Watts-Strogatz(WS) networks structure[5]. Without loss of generality, the two networks are designed with the same number of nodes NA=NB=N. Then, we coupled the two isolated networks with a certain preferences. Watts and Strogatz in their seminal paper discovered that many real-world networks are neither random nor regular but somewhere in between, and they proposed a method for constructing such networks, i.e., WS networks[5]. Given that, we created the small-world modular networks model as follows. First, M isolated modules, each with the WS structure, are constructed, In order to generate such networks, we used the random rewiring algorithm proposed by Watts–Strogatz[5], Considering a ring graph with n nodes each connected to its m-nearest neighbours by undirected links. The total number of the links are Q=2mn. The rewiring algorithm includes Q steps, and at each step i, link i are chosen and rewired to a node randomly chosen over the graph with the intra-modular rewiring probability P, provided that multi-link and self-loops are prohibited. The probability P is the intra-modular rewiring probability in this modular network. Then, with rewiring probability β, we disconnect the intra-modular link and creat the inter-modular connect. Namely, the selected intra-modular links…

Aside from the general issue regarding survey data and their inability to accurately represent reality, there are no overtly obvious issues regarding the measurement or operationalization of this variable. The central independent variable I chose was number of group memberships. The variable was measured by simply asking respondents for the number of groups that they belonged to. The unit of analysis in individuals, and the variable is continuous. The mean is 0.833, indicating that the number…

Through reviewing the minimum, maximum, and range of values I attempted to discern and identify potential coding errors as well as invalid data. The nature and distribution of the values were explored through examining the mean, standard deviation, and variance as well as skewness and kurtosis. For example, the variable Age contained 320 valid cases, with respondents ranging in age from 18 to 35 years. The mean age was 28.02 years with a standard deviation of 4.76 years. Emailtime and Wwwtime…

variation in data, skewed towards younger age group. Further, an appropriate graph for ADULTCT, measured at ratio level, is a histogram which can help us understand the shape of the distribution. The histogram displays that the number of adults in the household is positively skewed, as significant amount of data lies at the lower end of the graph. This signifies that majority of the respondents have two to three adults in the household. Descriptive Analysis We calculated descriptive…

9. RESULTS Table 8: Pre Formulation Study S.NO API CHARACTERISATION RESULTS 1 Physical Appearance a white to slightly pink crystalline powder 2 Melting point 138-148 ºC 3 Bulk density 0.396 gm/ml 4 Tapped Density 0.421 gm/ml 5 Carr’s index/Compressibility index 5.94 6 Hausner’s Ratio 1.063 Conclusion: The value of compressibility index above 25%, 15-25%, less than10% indicates poor flowability, optimum flowability and high flowability respectively. As Efaverinz value is <10 so it exhibits…

Students’ scores will be categorized into one of three benchmark levels: At or Above Benchmark, Below Benchmark, and Well Below Benchmark (Dynamic Measurement Group, 2010). Students who score below the 1st grade benchmark established by DIBELS on both the ORF and the NWF assessments, but are not considered Well Below Benchmark, will be included in the study if they also exhibit elevated inattention. Inattention. First grade teachers will rate students scoring below benchmark scores on the…

gives it a range of different moods, but mainly a ghastly touch. The house is described as a ‘musty darkness’ hints that it is sort of a fog/mist. However it could be that it smell as that's what ‘musty’ means. ‘, silence,’ has commas either side of it making it create pace. Susan Hill uses ‘seething’ making it seem like the air is crowding Arthur. Susan has used a list to create pace also. Tension is sustained in this part of the chapter as it seems that Arthur is walking into a thick foggy…

where you set culturally defined goals and are willing to do all the socially legitimate things to achieve them, and then someone says but, you will have to figure out how you’re going to do it. A person becomes disillusioned with legitimate means. I think you can just settle or conform at this point, or you can become driven, and go into the Innovative Mode. The Innovative Mode takes place “when a person accepts the culturally defined goals of society, but rejects or lacks the socially…

the effects on brown bears on the Kenai Peninsula, pointed out that in many areas bear populations and their habits were declining due to human encroachment and interaction. This assumption was also brought up in a special committee report for brown bears in Alaska, which mentions that while there was an increase in interactions between humans and bears. It also states that there are several causes for this increase such as shrinking habitats and changing food supplies, which means that Alaska’s…

The Kriging weights w_i1,w_i2,w_i3,…w_ik can be used to estimate the fair value of VA contracts x ⃑_i by the following formula, y ̂_i=∑_(j=1)^k▒〖w_ij∙y_j 〗. The kriging weights can be calculated by the following linear equations, Where the is a control variable, which is used to make sure that ∑_(j=1)^k▒w_ij =1. V_rs=α+exp⁡(-3/β D(z ⃑_r,z ⃑_s,λ)),r,s=1,2,3,…,k, D_ij=α+exp⁡(-3/β D(x ⃑_i,z ⃑_j,λ)),j=1,2,3,…,k, The D(.) function is the distance function mentioned in the clustering section,α≥0…