Juglans nigra

Parkinson’s disease is distinguished by the loss of dopaminergic cells within the brain (Jankovic 2007; Chaudhuri 2006). This dopaminergic degeneration is accompanied by severe symptoms which significantly affects individuals and those around them (Jankovic 2007; Chaudhuri 2006). The rate at which this degradation, and therefore the rate at which the corresponding symptoms arises, varies among individuals (Parkinson’s UK 2016). Often these symptoms do not worsen and go undetected until the…

affects a part of substantia nigra. Patients those who are suffering from PD are diagnosed during PM, histopathological examination for loss of pigmented neurons and presence of lewy bodies in neurons. Immunostaining for proteins – ubiquitin and alpha – synuclein facilitate the studies on lewy bodies(55). Arvid carlsson revealed that dopamine, a neurotransmitter in neurons of substantia nigra. L – dopa drug is used to treat the deficiency of dopamine in the substantia nigra. 70% of the dopamine…

Causes The causes of Parkinson’s Disease remain unknown, however there have been several theories as to what could cause the debilitating disease. Factors such as age, and genetic predisposition play a major role in the development of the disease. The disease is most common in those over sixty, however, it could take over twenty years for symptoms to develop. Age is the most common factor in the development of the disease, however if the disease is detected early, then it is most likely due to…

Huntington disease (HD) or HD chorea is progressive neurodegenerative autosomal dominant disease that is defined by the motor, behavioral, and cognitive symptoms that influence “about one in ten thousand people in the western hemispheres” (Novak et al. 234). HD chorea is often identified by the movement difficulties that it causes, and “In fact, when HD was first discovered it was called Huntington’s chorea, as a reference to the uncontrollable, dance-like movement that is common among people…

Parkinson’s disease By: Arielle Kim Approximately ten million people worldwide live with Parkinson’s disease, a chronic and progressive neurological disorder that affects the way you move. This disease can span from a couple years to one’s entire lifetime, worsening as time progresses. Parkinson’s is typically found from the age 60 and onward, but it can also affect people of younger ages. Parkinson’s disease has many symptoms that affect the human body and mind, but the five most recognizable…

Figure 6. A. Species classification for the area of study. B. Percentage based on the relative frequencies of each class for the area of study. These 14 species are distributed differentely across the area of study, with some species dominating specific areas while others are distributed scattered around the site (Figure 7). Figure 7. Species distribution across the area of study. One hundred and fifty two of the trees surveyed were dead (7.1%), with 81 of those (53.29%) situated in the…

Introduction The impacts of urbanization are felt not only on a global scale, but on a local scale as well. Specifically, in the recent past, there has been much research on large metropolitan areas and their response to urbanization (Liu 2015). These responses can be measured in various ways: air quality, vegetation health, water quality/management, etc. The responses are far reaching, but more importantly, they are interconnected. For example, air quality is dependent upon the health of…