Joule

This chapter contain the physical model and numerical procedure of calculating the dynamics of space charge and electric field distribution in cable insulation material under DC voltage. Electric field distribution and formation of space charge The dependency of electric field distribution on time and temperature is obvious in HVDC system. This is due to the resistivity/conductivity dependency on temperature and electric field [1, 44]. It is also clear that the formation of space charge within…

PURPOSE We used chemical indicators to identify possible sugar, starch, protein, and lipids present within two common food items as well as the dead Anna Garcia’s stomach contents. HYPOTHESIS If Anna ate foods like pizza, ice cream, and Oreo cookies like she said on her food log, then her stomach contents should react with the chemical indicators for glucose, maybe starch due to the pizza. INTRODUCTION The experiment considers the types of macromolecules within each piece of food. Each type…

This lab was conducted to find the key differences between the quantity of heat (q) and ∆H of a substance. Different masses of substances CaCl2 and NH4NO3 were dissolved in water to see how changing mass impacts the q and ∆H of a substance. When the two substances dissolve, they become ions. CaCl2 dissolves in a reaction of: CaCl2 Ca2+aq + 2Cl1-aq while NH4NO3 dissolve in a reaction of: NH4NO3 NH41+aq + NO31-aq . As shown in these reactions, when ionic compounds dissolve in water, they break…

experiments on white blood cells showed that the nuclein dissolved in weak alkalies but not in water and acids. Later studies demonstrated that all living organisms have DNA and that any kinds of cell such as hair, skin, or plant cells all have DNA. Plenty of research and experimentation went into solving the structure of DNA and the invention of paper chromatography allowed Erwin Chargaff (1905-2002) to make a contribution in establishing the structure of DNA and how it transmitted genetic…

Activity measures how much radiation a substance gives off and is measured in Becquerel which counts the number of particles emitted by a source per second. Radiation in relation to exposure is expressed through absorbed dose which is measured in joules of energy per kilogram of tissue in grays (Gy). The effects of the exposed amount of radiation depend on the weighting factor which varies with the type of radiation. The dose equivalent is measure in Sieverts (Sv) which is the absorbed dose ×…

In the chapter Kinematics of Particles, we studied about various relations among time, position, velocity and acceleration of a particle. When we have a relation between any two parameters, we can calculate remaining parameters. In Kinetics of Particles, we applied Newton’s second law of motion ƩF = ma. The fundamental concept is when external forces acting on a particle are balanced (zero resultant), the particle will be in equilibrium. But when external forces acting on a particle are not…

FRACTURE MECHANICS Failure can occur due to various reasons: Uncertainties in loading or environment Defects in material Inadequacy in design Deficiency in construction or maintenance The strength of materials can be increased significantly. But sometimes this comes at the cost of reduced ductility of the material. For example, strength of steel can be increased by manipulating the microstructure. But this increases the brittleness of the material. Thus, a member can fail catastrophically…

1. Insulator is a material that does not transmit heat, sound or electricity from one end to another. It hinders the free flow of electrons from atom to atom and molecule to molecule. This is because the electrons are tightly bond to the atoms leaving no space for there to be any free electrons to transmit electrical energy. Examples of insulators are glass, rubber, wood and paper. Conductor is an object or type of material that can transmit heat, sound, light or electricity. It does this by…

The first step of the experiment was to prepare the 2M HCl solution for Part A. 200 mL of deionized water was placed into a 600 mL and then 100 mL of 6M HCl was added to dilute the acid. 100 mL of 3M NaOH and 50 mL of deionized water were then combined to form 150 mL of a 2M NaOH solution. The Lab quest then had to be set up so that the temperature changes taking place in the coffee cup calorimeter could be recorded. The temperature probe was plugged in and the “Time Based” data collection…

Omar Lab 1 Cover letter Dear Dr. …………., This experiment aims at determining carbon (IV) dioxide bubble and dew points as a single component by the use of PVT stimulator at four distinctive temperatures. Besides, it determines the increasing of pressure effect on the carbon (IV) dioxide two-phase envelope. The starting pressure was set at two thousand psi with a (±0.1 psi precision. The beginning volume for carbon (IV) dioxide gas was set at zero while the liquid carbon (IV) dioxide at 14.7 cc…