Jerusalem

Christians were impatient to take back Jerusalem which is known as their holy land. The church had the power to Knights, Chiefs and even Popes that were impatient to transfer their religion to other nations. The Islamic militaries were full of power an energy and took over North Africa and most of Spain. When the first crusade started, a request came from Pope Urban II to the Christian armies to go fight against the Muslim armies in the holy land, Jerusalem. When the first crusade captured…

The crusades were a series of religious wars. They took place in the medieval period from 1095 to 1291. The first crusade was the first attempt to take over the Holy land, it was ordered by Pope Urban II. After that, a total of nine crusades took place. There were an array of people who travelled to the Holy Land crusades including peasants’ knights and second sons. Although the crusades failed to capture the Holy land, they had several impacts on Western Europe. One of the changes was cultural.…

in eight major Crusades between 1096 and 1291 and even a Children’s Crusade that ended in a catastrophe. According to Pope Urban II, he preached for Christians to go to war against the Muslims in an attempt to reclaim the Holy Land of Israel i.e. Jerusalem which was under Muslim control. Many Jews, Christians and Muslims were slaughtered during the period of the Crusades. It was also during this time that Christians from the West (Roman Empire) and East (Byzantium Empire) had an unstable…

According to Tiffany Vann Sprecher, James of Vitry (c. 1160-1240) student of Peter de Chanter, was an Augustinian canon whose written legacy includes a Vita of the famous beguine Mary of Oignies and nearly 450 model sermons for preachers to deliver as written or to use as inspiration in writing their own sermons. “The remission of sins and the reward of eternal life” was one of the sermons pictured of Urban preaching by James of Vitry appeals to the nobles’ hope for remission of sins and…

The seventh crusade was slightly successful but yet it wasn’t. It was led by Thibault IV and he briefly recaptured Jerusalem though he lost it again in 1244 to a new force called the Khwarazmian forces “Crusades”. The eighth crusade was led by King Louis in 1249 and ended a year later after defeat “Crusades”. After many new groups started to show up, King Louis tried…

1. Explain how pseudepigraphy worked in the first century, and give three examples. Pseudepigraphy is essentially levels of authorship. Pseudeprigraphy asks the question – “Did the stated author of the letter actually write it.” Three examples of Pseudepigraphy include the following: Literal Authorship – is where the writing comes directly from the authors brain Dictation – is a word for word translation which then is written down on paper Delegated Authorship – is where the amanuensis was…

to last four years but in 1187 Raynald attacked a caravan. Saladin once again went to battle against the Franks culminating in his overwhelming victory which decimated the Frankish ranks to the extent most of the Crusader strongholds, including Jerusalem itself, fell easily to the Muslim army of…

command of Pope Urban II’s, 1905 the crusades begin to merge efforts to answer the request of Alexius I of the Eastern Byzantine Empire. He made the call to the Western church to assist in the upcoming invasion of the Muslims in an effort to secure Jerusalem, the Holy Land. There were four distinct army units led by…

Pope Urban II made a plea to retake Jerusalem and the holy lands. In total there were eight Crusades lasting around 196 years, however, the last five Crusades were very ineffective and the first Crusade was the only holy war which was a success in taking Jerusalem. People who took up the cross to fight for the church were called crusaders; motivated by the religious and economic gains of the…

In 1095, Pope Urban II called for a crusade to fight for the Holy Land of Jerusalem. Before the Crusades began, Alexius I Komnenos, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire, asked Pope Urban II for help to fight against the Seljuq Turks. The Seljuq Turks had previously taken all of Asia Minor from him. At the council of Clermont, Pope Urban II confronted a decently sized crowd and promoted the idea of everyone going over to recover Palestine by assisting the Greeks defeat the Muslims. The response was…