What, then, would be the occasion for composition? It can be agreed by most all scholars that this psalm existed during or for use in a festival. Whether it was for a singular, specific festival or for a regularly occurring festival is hard to establish. It could have been composed as a dedication of the second temple. More likely, however, is the idea that this psalm originated from a regularly occurring festival. This festival could be an enthronement festival, and autumnal festival, the…
Niena was abandoned on the doorstep of the Svastra temple before her first birthday. She barely remembered her parents; they were dark, shadowy ghosts, flickers of partial recognition in the back of her consciousness. After all, in Apitus, the capital had a luxurious temple, full of women who all prayed to the old gods, the gods of air, land, and sea, the slumbering, powerful beings that could destroy just as they could create. At the time, Niena sensed a comforting essence about the place, a…
In ANE literature, tablets are both a medium for writing, and a symbol of writing itself, but writing gains authority through message or author. Adoption and sale tablets, Suzerainty treaties, and written prayers laid beside idols exemplify authority by a message. In them, the authority emanated from the confines of the writing dictating relationships between parties. Orpheus tablets typify the second condition by the issue of pseudepigraphical authorship (as discussed under the subheading,…
My auto-ethnography encompassed a three-day span from last Thursday afternoon to Saturday afternoon. During this time, I visited Boston to participate in the celebration of a rabbi’s installation as the first woman to lead New England’s largest Reform Jewish Synagogue (Temple Israel of Boston). As points-of-reference: this particular rabbi was also the person who oversaw my conversation to Judaism and was particular influential during some of my tumultuous life events. Additionally, I have…
crusaders to defend themselves against infidels, therefore, after the fall of Jerusalem, the crusaders did not obey Urban II’s order because they felt betrayed by Alexius I. In 1099, after the crusaders celebrated their victory, they concluded that they had to repopulate the city, appoint a rule, and expand their territory to keep Jerusalem under Christian rule. However, the Christians establishment of the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem emerged out of Muslim disunity and alliances between Muslims…
The Turkish Letters by Ogier Ghiselin de Bushecq who was Flemish born and was appointed by the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire as ambassador to the Turkish Sultan's court in Constantinople in the 16th Century were written between the years 1555-1562. The letters give not only an insight into the Ottoman Empire’s superior military training in Busbecq’s eyes but also act as a lament of the Christian soldier’s lack of military disciple and the Christian forces use of heredity as advancement.…
The seventh crusade was slightly successful but yet it wasn’t. It was led by Thibault IV and he briefly recaptured Jerusalem though he lost it again in 1244 to a new force called the Khwarazmian forces “Crusades”. The eighth crusade was led by King Louis in 1249 and ended a year later after defeat “Crusades”. After many new groups started to show up, King Louis tried…
The Crusades were a series of four Holy Wars that that were intended to reestablish Roman Catholic Christianity in the eastern Mediterranean basin. The Crusades are also referred as the expeditions that Roman Catholic Christians mounted in the effort to recapture Palestine, the land of Christian origins, and the holy city Jerusalem from Muslim authorities. The Crusades were ruthless, bloody and violent wars that disrupted the western hemisphere for over 200 years. Even though that the Crusades…
The First Crusade had many parties involved like the Christians, Muslims, Jews, and Byzantine citizens. From these parties, Muslims and Christians had both unfavorable views of each other and antagonistic relationships. The relationship between the Christians and Jews was one of the killer and killed and the Jews reacted with dread, terror, and resentment. The Byzantine emperor considered the Christians family and considered the thought of killing them in battle “fratricide” . During the First…
understand why certain things happened in my story must understand I am Jewish. For those who may or not in Judaism we have three pilgrimage holidays Passover, Sukkos, and shavous. In ancient time my ancestors would travel to the holy temple in jerusalem. Now this day all we have left of the Holy Temple is Western wall so we don 't a make a pilgrimage. My story takes place during the time of Passover which falls out in the spring about three years ago. Now passover just so you know is one of, if…