Japanese diaspora

Reinhard, Given, Petlick, and Bemis (2008) view informal elder caregivers as secondary patients or caregivers-as-clients who also need a refuge and support due to the degree, intensity and the time given to their care recipients. Consequently, as the 65 and older adult population grows, increased longevity and chronic illnesses will create additional demands for their families (NIA, 2016), especially Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia, which will have the greatest impact on African American…

One of the first things discussed in Eleanor Traylor's essay about Black theatre are the two main forms of contributions made which are minstrel show and slave narrative which is what she focuses on the most. Minstrel show is the first American dramatic form which came from the "tradition of confrontation and improvisation of grace under pressure" (48) which did not have the same roots as European contexts. The process of the creation of minstrel shows was created in America by African people.…

The Donnelly’s were a family who emigrated from Ireland because of the Potato Famine. They immigrated to London, Canada. In Canada, they were not the most favourite family in their township. In their township which was called the Biddulph Township, there was a lot of violence which was shown by sheep killings, arson, fights and by murders. This shows that the township was not very peaceful and there was a lot of problems and violence. This was common for them. In the text it says that the…

In 1957, a historic event occurred that changed the racial demographics at The Pennsylvania State University in University Park, Pennsylvania: Dr. Viktor Lowenfeld hired the first African American faculty member in the history of the University in the newly created art education department. Her name is Mary Godfrey. Godfrey grew up in New York City; she attended Pratt Institute and Columbia University for Art Education. Prior to her tenure at Penn State, Godfrey became the first black assistant…

What a wonderful way to start your class every day: affirmations from your teacher about your character. Kevin Jennings begins each day chanting with his African-American boy students, “I am focused. I am ready to learn. Let’s turn it up!” Students in Oakland, California can opt to take the course “Mastering Our Cultural Identity: African-American Male Image) in 20 schools that throughout the district. The class is taught by black male instructors, not the normal white female instructors, who…

The lives’ of African Americans were altered considerably after the Civil War ended in 1865. Before the Civil War began in 1861, slavery and the limitations placed on both free and enslaved black people was part of life, but when slavery was abolished in 1865 by the passing of the 13th amendment; a new era was arriving. The Era of Reconstruction after the Civil War presented impacted the lives of African Americans positively in many ways, but it must be recognized that there were negative…

The Emancipation Proclamation is a federal proclamation and executive order from president Abraham Lincoln that made all slaves in the United States free from bondage and ownage. Baldwin’s letter is written on the 100 year anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. The significance of the timing of his letter is that the anniversary is supposed to be an indication that African Americans have been free for a very long time, but the opposite is true. Blacks are still discriminated against,…

Identity has originated from surrounding environments and that one perceives herself how she believes others see her. When white men colonized America and brought slaves from Africa, white men perceived their own advancement as faster evolution. They believed that they were better than those who were “primitive”. As the patriarchy and systematic racism have evolved throughout the years, the perception of a white man has become the role model in all things positive, if not at least neutral. In…

This lasting work of merit effectively expresses the most common themes of the genre: self-identity only becomes solidified through men, society doesn’t allow black women to have control of their own bodies, a woman’s happiness in a household is the last priority, and the assertion of black woman’s power is threatening to whit individuals. Another work of merit that expresses these same themes is Alice Walker’s “The Color Purple”, the novel walks the reader through Celia’s multiple struggles in…

deal with present and past stereotypes in the context of today’s society.” In order to display connections between the past and the present, Charles takes common black stereotypical characters and reinterprets them in contemporary ways. For example, the image of Aunt Jemima, a mammy, which is a black character that is historically known for being the caring house servant for the white family, is a caricature that Charles often critiques in his work. Similar to Charles, Colescott plays upon the…