Ischemia

elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) based on the initial electrocardio- gram(ECG) finding.4 ACS usually occurs as a sudden reduction in blood flow to the coronary arteries due to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque, which subsequently leads to myocardial ischemia or/and infarction.1, 2, 3 The American Heart Association (AHA) predicts about 780,000 new cases per year of ACS in the United States with an estimation around 70% of NSTE-ACS and a 30% of STE-ACS.1, 4 The combination of ECG findings, cardiac…

United States (Lopez-Bushnell, Demaray, & Jaco, 2014, p.9). Sepsis is characterized as an overwhelming infection in the body that disrupts homeostasis by causing profound inflammation and a cascade of symptoms that leads to hypoperfusion, cellular ischemia, organ failure, and death. Since the initial sign of sepsis can be very subtle, early diagnosis is often overlooked. It is critical for nurses and other healthcare providers to detect of early sepsis to assure patients receive…

Case Study 5 – AB As discussed in case 3, septic shock results from widespread inflammation and vasodilation in response to an infection. Norepinephrine is useful in septic shock because it increases afterload to maintain adequate tissue perfusion (De Becker et al., 2012). Dobutamine is an inotropic drug used in septic shock as it stimulates myocardial beta-adrenergic receptors thus increasing cardiac output by increasing contractility and heart rate (Dellinger et al., 2013; Enrico et al.,…

fringe blood stream by, for instance, reconstructive surgery (for diffuse ailment) or angioplasty (for restricted stenosis) is the intercession destined to influence the mending process in blood vessel ulceration. Agent evidences for interminable ischemia incorporate non-recuperating ulceration, gangrene, rest torment, and movement of incapacitating claudication. The patient ought to quit smoking, and control of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia ought to be streamlined. Patients may…

Complications of male circumcision over 10 years: A single center experience. Abstract: Introduction: Circumcision is the oldest and the most commonly performed surgical procedure all over the world for religious, ritual or medical purposes. It is a relatively safe procedure with a low overall complication rate. The aim of the study is to review the complications of male circumcision and how to avoid. Methods: Retrospectively we reviewed our institutional data base for all males operated in or…

poisoning. The dosage needed for an adult patient would be 2-5 mg IV/IM every 10-15 mins. Although atropine has no contraindications in an emergency setting, caution must be considered with patients who present signs and symptoms of acute myocardial ischemia or infarction. Another reason caution should be considered, is with patients with glaucoma because it raises intraocular…

The ECG/EKG When most people think of heart tests, they think of the ECG. ECG stands for electrocardiogram. It's also called an EKG, from the German elektrokardiogram. Although it may look like an ECG is recording heartbeats, it's not. In fact, it records the electrical activity (the electrical triggers, if you will) that presage the actual heartbeat. The mechanical beats follow the electrical triggers by about a tenth of a second -- unless, of course, there's a problem. Or to state it in…

specific to pregnancy is the placenta. As the cytotrophoblastic tissue of the placenta fails to widen the maternal spiral arteries – this is called decreased spiral remodeling. This causes decreased tissue perfusion (ischemia) in the placenta, called defective placentation. Ischemia in the placenta is thought to stimulate release of a substance that is toxic to endothelial cells, leading to endothelial cell dysfunction. Because endothelial cells line all the blood vessels, this leads…

Characteristics of Vision in Children with CVI The visual system is a powerful and complex tool for understanding and perceiving the world. It has many aspects and dimensions that change throughout an individual’s lifetime. Therefore, it is unsurprising that there are many stages of vision at which perception can become impaired. Cortical (or cerebral) visual impairment (CVI) refers to any impairment or loss of vision brought about by damage to the brain or the central nervous system, rather…

consists of calcium, lipid compounds, and blood clotting compounds such as macrophages and fibrin. The buildup takes many years to accumulate; the plaque eventually swells the arterial wall restricting blood flow to the heart. This is called ischemia. Ischemia causes damage to the surrounding tissue due to the lack of blood flow, which results in slowed cellular metabolism. According to the Texas Heart Institute (2014), plaque is categorized into two types:…