Iran–Iraq War

War often causes people to have to flee their country, leading to the separation of families and destruction of the life they once knew. For example, the refugee crises in the Middle East has caused thousands of refugees to flee from their countries in an attempt to find a more peaceful, fulfilling life elsewhere. All around them, their friends and families are becoming a number to the growing statistics of deaths. To escape the violence, many Syrians are migrating to neighboring countries to…

Founded by the Ubaid people in 5900 B.C.E. Mesopotamia was known as the “Land between Rivers” and was positioned between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. These rivers often provided the people with water, since this region normally received only eight inches of rain per year. The Tigris and Euphrates were known to be ferocious and erratic, and would often overflow the lands. These reasons alone made life in Mesopotamia harsh, crude, and unpredictable. Even the Tigris would sporadically change…

Babylondraws it religious beliefs and culture from Sumerian and Akkadian influence,and before it even became a nation it was a city state which was in close proximityto many other city states which had fought for power over each other since the beginningof time; read the epic of Gilgamesh as it pertains to just how old this power struggle is.After the fall of the Akkadian empire, due to the Guitan invasion, Amorites as well asGutians settled in Babylon which cultivated more of Babylonian culture…

classes and share power with an economic and military elite. However, it was slave-based with a society of hierarchical and stratified surrounded by palaces and temples. Mesopotamia means “between the rivers,” which is where it all started known as Iraq and part of Turkey and Syria located between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers in the valleys of the Middle East (Matthews et al., 2014). Therefore, the three cultures that arose and were successful in the Mesopotamia region from 3000-1600 B.C.…

The City-states in Sumer The people of Sumer were great inventors. Sumer was a city-state of achievement because of their inventions and their strong faith in their religion. Cuneiform is an invention they made which is like the way they communicate without speaking. Cuneiform is when you write in a wet clay tablet with a stylist. In schools in the city of Sumer, only a few boys went to school and there were mostly no girls. In their schools, the kids would most likely grow up to be scribes.…

Dispersed ethnic groups throughout history have experienced violence, repression, and have been denied human rights within the government they are residing. Due to the persecution, these groups search for ways to create their own nation and become independent. According to Joseph Stalin, for an ethnic group to become a nation they must be “a historically constituted, stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, and psychological make-up…

After the United States invasion of Iraq in 2003, a number of Sunni extremist groups, among them al Qaeda in Iraq, emerged to fight U.S. forces as well as Shiite civilians in an attempt to start a civil war. After a temporary defeat in 2006, al Qaeda in Iraq began to re-establish themselves within Iraqi prisons. When the 2011 revolt against the Assad regime in Syria, the group took advantage of the ensuing chaos and established a base of operation in northeast Syria. They also renamed…

Josef Weisehofer. Ancient Persia. London, UK: I.B. Tauris, 1996. This book discusses the progression of Persian culture through three different reigning families. The main point of the book is to address the ways that these periods are currently taught and remembered, and to point out inaccuracies in the popular western descriptions, or to reaffirm the ideas via critical analysis and comparison to primary sources such as relics. Weisehofer accomplishes this by dividing the book into 3 main…

Lasing from the September 1980 to August 1988, the Iran-Iraq war was not only the longest conventional war of the 20th Century; it was also the most destructive 20th Century conflict since WWII. The conflict produced over one million refugees and casualties and costed the combatant countries as much as one billion dollars per month, and the total costs have been estimated in excess of three hundred billion dollars. The end state of the conflict was catastrophic for not only the combatants but…

The liberty came to my country Iraq lately. The Iraqi people did not know the freedom until 2003 When the American forces liberated Iraq from the dictator government headed by Sadam Hussein. After that, the Iraqi people began enjoy the freedom which were previously denied by the previous government. The situation in Iraq is very dangerous. The situation tied the Iraqi people for enjoying their freedom that the constitution guaranteed. There are many freedoms that the Iraqi constitution included,…