Ion

Task 1 and 2 First ionisation energy – The first ionisation energy is the energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from one mole of gaseous atoms to produce one mole of gaseous ions each with a charge of +1. The first ionisation decreases as you go down a group. This is because the electrons are getting further away from the nucleus meaning it is easier to remove the outer electron. There is also less shielding thus allowing the outer electron to be removed much more easily. As…

For this experiment, a group was employed by the Environmental Protection Agency as analytical chemists. Their goal was to identify an unknown compound that has been discovered in a landfill in their hometown. Once they identified the compound, they would then have to determine both the chemical and physical properties of the compound in order to inform the townspeople of any potential dangers. During the first week of lab, the group was given a small bottle containing an unknown white…

am hoping to solve is why are they so helpful. Why are they so important to the human body. The definition of an electrolyte is “any fluid that conducts electricity, such as this new saltwater solution, is known as an electrolyte solution; the salt ions of which it’s composed are then commonly referred to as electrolytes”(Nate Morrow 2012 pg 1). “There are several common electrolytes found in the body, each serving a specific and important role, but most are in some part responsible for…

Since there are more than 50 million chemical compounds on Earth and even more being discovered or synthesized each year, it is increasingly difficult to identify compounds.1 However, with the help of physical and chemical properties of the atoms or molecules that make up a compound, identifying a chemical compound is not as daunting as it may seem. There are three main types of chemical compounds: metallic, covalent, and ionic compounds.2 In this experiment, however, the unknown compounds are…

strip. The solution had a pH>7. Then we did an anion test and discovered the compound reacted with chloride by producing a white precipitate. The precipitate that formed was an insoluble solid because Cl of NaCl reacted with Ag of AgNO3, creating a Cl- ion above the aqueous solution [3], results on Table 2. Finally we used a cation flame test, results on Table 4. When we burned the unknown substance the flame was a bright orange, yellow color. This was because the flame reacted with the Cl of…

Ionic and Covalent bonds are the two different types of bonds that hold atoms together, each having their own characteristics. The distance and charge determines the type of bond the molecules have. These bonds occur because atoms strive to obtain the ideal valence of 8. Some atoms need to gain or lose electrons in order to achieve the ideal valence. In a covalent bond, the electrons are being pulled by two atoms that are both nonmetals. In other words, the two atoms are sharing electrons, but…

lattice which then leads to having a high melting/boiling point. Graphite can conduct electricity due to having free electrons. Covalent substances do not conduct electricity unlike ionic substances this is because covalent substances do not have free ions or electrons therefore they cannot conduct…

is now evolved from the combination of CFT and MOT. Cotton defined LFT as the theory of the origin and the consequence of the splitting of the inner orbitals of transition metal ions and their chemical environment. The CFT assumes that the orbitals of the ligand atom do not overlap with the orbitals of the central metal ion under consideration. However, sufficient experimental evidence shows that there always some overlapping between ligand and metal orbitals. It has been proved that the metal…

CH 204- Introduction to Chemical Practices Experiment 1- Qualitative Analysis of Cations Sharon Alexander Kathrynn Labat TA: Yu-Chun Lin September 25, 2017 Results & Discussion This experiment was composed of three parts. In the first part, qualitative methods were used to identify the unknown cation in an aqueous solution. The cation was to be either lead or silver. If silver was present, extra steps were needed to be taken in order to confirm its presence in the…

Chromate The Prefix word “poly” implies to the word many, but even ions of two atoms are usually referred to as polyatomic. Majority of the Polyatomic ions that are used with Oxygen will have the word “ate” in them. Nitrate is an example of a Polyatomic Ion. Polyatomic Ions are referred to as a radical, and less commonly, as a radical group. There are many differences between a polyatomic ion and a compound. Polyatomic ions are composed of two or more atoms that are linked to covalent…