Ion

Energy profile of exothermic reaction Energy profile of endothermic reaction A)Doc Brown (2016) B)Doc Brown (2016) Thermodynamic reactions occur when there is a difference of energy during a chemical reaction. There are two types; Firstly, Exothermic reactions; This is when the initial reactants use less energy to break their existing bonds, than what energy was required to make the new bonds. The extra heat is spreads out into the surroundings (see above diagram A) An…

Carbon Dioxide in Water Examine the role of carbon dioxide to Earth’s chemical equilibrium by researching the following: Atmospheric CO2 Composition • Present a graph showing global atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over the last 150 years • Describe the overall trend that this data shows. The graph shows a positive relationship between the number of years and the concentration in part per million, which suggests that as years go by, the concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere is increasing…

electrolytic property also helps to characterize the given solutions. Strong electrolytes, such as strong acids and bases and salts are known to fully dissociate its ions in the solution, making it a good conductor of electricity. On the other hand, the presence of weak electrolytes, such as weak acids and bases, do not dissociate its ions completely, making the solutions less conductive (Chang, 2010). Solution A was classified to contain strong acid, solution B has a strong base, solution C is…

Acetylcholine has two types of receptors: muscarinic and nicotinic, these receptors are functionally and structurally different. Nicotinic receptors are ionotropic, meaning that ions flow through it when acetylcholine binds to it. It acts as a channel for the ions that cross it, especially sodium, and this causes the depolarization of the cell. There are two types of nicotinic receptors formed by different subunits, N1 are found in the neuromuscular junctions allowing muscle movement, and N2 is…

curves exhibit the turning point (i.e. sloping curve below 4.5 V and a long plateau around 4.5 V). The existence of a turning point not only differentiates between the extractions of Li ions from layered (LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2) and monoclinic (Li2MnO3)-like…

The central nervous system, which is responsible for coordinating response to stimuli in all Eumatozoans and processing all the information obtained from all the distinct parts of the body, is made up two types of specialised cells known as the nerve cells (neurons) and the glial cells (support cells). A neuron is defined by Martini as a “cell in neural tissue that is specialized for intercellular communication through changes in membrane potential and synaptic connections” [5] where as a glial…

progress at their normal degrees. Maintaining normal pH levels is also important for normal body functioning mainly because small alterations in pH can make up important changes in our metabolism. Electrolytes are minerals which mean that they carry ions and salts in our body that have an electric charge. They can be found in our urine, blood fluids and blood. Maintaining the right balance of electrolytes helps our body's blood chemistry more specifically, muscle action and other processes.…

Water exists in all three physical states only on planet earth, the only planet where life exists in the whole of universe. Water supports life on earth due its unique physical properties such as density, temperature variation, reflectivity, surface tension, specific heat, boiling and freezing points, as well as its chemical properties including its polar nature, dissolving ability and capacity to act both as an acid or base. The exceptional physical properties are all attributed to water’s…

current flow through the copper electrodes increased as the electrolyte concentration increased, supporting the hypothesis, and corresponding to the research. This would have been because as the electrolyte concentration increased, the amount of Na+ ions and Cl- in the solution…

CO2 in our atmosphere and in our oceans in over 650,000 years. There are a great deal of effects increased CO2 concentrations will have on this planet. When the ocean absorbs CO2 chemical reactions occur that eventually reduces their pH, carbonate ion concentration, and saturation states of important calcium carbonate minerals. This is known as ocean acidification and with the altering of saturation states coral reefs around the world have suffered a great impact because of this. The ocean is…