Ion channel

Identifying Unknown Substance. Examining the physical characteristics of the available compounds in the lab was how possible compounds were eliminated from any or further testing. Based on how the compounds physically looked, it was almost for certain that calcium chloride was the unknown compound. However, another compound was used to test as well (ammonium chloride) since relying only on physical characteristics alone would not allow for proper experimentation. The unknown ended up being…

strip. The solution had a pH>7. Then we did an anion test and discovered the compound reacted with chloride by producing a white precipitate. The precipitate that formed was an insoluble solid because Cl of NaCl reacted with Ag of AgNO3, creating a Cl- ion above the aqueous solution [3], results on Table 2. Finally we used a cation flame test, results on Table 4. When we burned the unknown substance the flame was a bright orange, yellow color. This was because the flame reacted with the Cl of…

To start off with this experiment, we drew dot structures for each compound and decided whether the compound was polar, nonpolar, or ionic. We found that KCl and CaCl*2H2O were ionic compounds, so we used the electrical conductivity tester to insure us that they indeed conducted electricity. After testing these two compounds, we decided that KCl was the solution labeled “Wolves” and CaCl*2H2O was the solution labeled “Swarm”. We decided this because we knew that the CaCl*2H2O compound was a…

Task 1 and 2 First ionisation energy – The first ionisation energy is the energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from one mole of gaseous atoms to produce one mole of gaseous ions each with a charge of +1. The first ionisation decreases as you go down a group. This is because the electrons are getting further away from the nucleus meaning it is easier to remove the outer electron. There is also less shielding thus allowing the outer electron to be removed much more easily. As…

results for the sulfate test due to the formation of a white precipitate, indicating the presence of a sulfate ion. For the sulfate test the unknown solution, potassium sulfate, and combining it with hydrochloric acid and barium chloride. If a sulfate anion was present in the unknown solution, then the anion would combine with the barium and form the precipitate, BaSO4, and the chlorine ion would combine with the unknown’s cation. In this case a sulfate anion was present in the unknown so the…

identity of an unknown salt (#3) using ion-exchange chromatography by analyzing the inorganic salts of the unknown salt, which can be examined by acid-base titration using ion-exchange resin. The stationary phase is made up of acid groups which will attach to the resin, which is then rinsed down the column with water. The mobile phase contains the inorganic salt dissolved in a solvent, which is then added to the column. As it goes down the column, an exchange of H+ ions and cations occur. The…

Since there are more than 50 million chemical compounds on Earth and even more being discovered or synthesized each year, it is increasingly difficult to identify compounds.1 However, with the help of physical and chemical properties of the atoms or molecules that make up a compound, identifying a chemical compound is not as daunting as it may seem. There are three main types of chemical compounds: metallic, covalent, and ionic compounds.2 In this experiment, however, the unknown compounds are…

The Babyliss Pro Nano Titanium Rotating Hot Air Brush is a professional grade styling tool that uses ion technology to give you smooth hair that is shiny and free of frizz. It has various settings that allow you to control the type of dry and style that you want from your products. The Babyliss Pro is made with superior materials like its titanium barrel, which holds heat, and its bristles, which provide a better grip on the hair. For those who want a professional blow out look without the…

not all types of salts completely dissociate in water. Some of them partially dissociates and creates a dynamic equilibrium due to the instances when their ions recombine to form the original salts. An example of this is potassium hydrogen tartrate (KHC4H4O6 or KHT). When KHT is placed in water, it partially dissolves and forms K+ and HC4H4O6- ions. This reaction is shown below: KHC_4 H_4 O_6 (s)⇄ K^+ (aq)+HC_4 H_4 O_6^- (aq) (1) The equilibrium constant of reaction (1) is written as Ksp or…

Destiny Hope Cyrus, better known as Miley, is a famous young performing artist who just recently labeled herself as a feminist. The question is; what characteristics make someone a feminist? Within the last couple of years, Cyrus has released some questionable music videos to the public while simultaneously calling herself a female supporter. Feminists are people who believe in equal rights, which Cyrus does agree with. However, what the singer fails to understand is that females are worth more…