Invertebrate

2013). Pax6 is a homeodomain transcription factor. This gene has been highly conserved, and as such, can be found in both vertebrate and invertebrate organisms (Klimova and Kozmik 2014). Pax6 is thought of as a master control gene for eye development because it regulates many other genes that lead to proper eye formation (Shaham et al. 2013). This gene is expressed in the developing eye as…

transfer. This means that less infectious strains with toxin-coding genes may pass their code on to a more infectious strain (Ackerman 2015). With the possibility of new strains and a wider range of inhabitable areas for the cholera bacterium and its invertebrate host, cholera is a disease that could threaten many more regions than…

There are certain animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and viruses that tolerate and actually thrive in extreme conditions. These organisms are called extremophiles. The word extremophile breaks up into “extreme” and the suffix “phile” literally means “one who loves.” These organisms flourish in the uninhabitable places that vary from extremely high and low temperatures, high pressures, high salinity, the absence of water, and extreme amounts of radiation just to name a few. Many of these…

The main role of PMN is phagocytosis of bacteria and tissue debri. PMNs are also a major source of cytokines, especially tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and second population that invades the wound consist of macrophages. The function of macrophages is phagocytosis , activation and recruitment of other cells by releasing various cytokines, growth factors such as Vascular endothelial growth Factor, Insulin like Growth Factor and Epidermal Growth Factor. Macrophages regulate matrix synthesis…

Mike Cawthon BIO106-Topics in Environmental Science Professor Julie Allman October 22nd, 2014 An exotic predator's ecological impact on Florida ecosystems The sub-tropical environment of southern Florida supports a wide variety of introduced exotic reptile and amphibian species. The majority of these species were introduced by human activities. Irresponsible keepers, animal dealers, and the international trade has released large predators like African and Asian pythons, South American tegu…

Introduction Sold commercially under the tradename Sevin, carbaryl (C12H11NO2) is an insecticide that is commonly applied to corn, soybean, and cotton (EPA, 2000). It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that kills insects by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter. Neurons are stimulated when they release acetylcholine and transmit a message to the next neuron (Waymire, n.d.). However, in order for a neuron to return to its initial, unstimulated state, the acetylcholine in its…

The role of riparian zones cannot be understated in relation to water quality and wildlife habitat. A riparian zone refers to stream bank system, including the stream, soils, flora, and fauna within it. Riparian buffers, specifically, are one of the most significant structures to implement along streams and rivers because of the structure’s many functions and abilities. Riparian buffer zones act as a canopy to shade and cool stream temperatures, as a filter strip to attenuate sediment, pollutant…

Did you know that dolphins can be pink, or any other color than the normal shiny grey? There is a species of dolphin that differ in many colors, such with pink, some grey and ect. There is many types of endangered dolphin and non- endangered dolphins,especially the river dolphin. River dolphins having different features and specify habits which can leading to good and bad consequences such as endangerment. These dolphins are unique color and friendly,curious toward to people. River dolphins…

1 INTRODUCTION Drosophila Melanogaster, also known as the fruit fly, is a most valuable organism in biological research that has made significant contributions particularly in genetics and research. It is used as a model organism in research for several reasons viz. Easily handled, sexually dimorphic, cheap and easy to keep large numbers, care and culture requires little equipments and well understood because of its short life cycle of just two weeks and also Entire genome of drosophila…

INTRODUCTION Cancer can be defined as a special kind of illness that occurs when the cells in a given part of a body begin to grow out of proportion than is normal. Currently, in the United States, this disease is the second leading cause of deaths. Human beings over the history have had tumors and remedies have been implemented, and others continue to be performed and studied over time (American Cancer Society, 2010). These methods of treatment include chemo-preventive methods and of late…