Intramembranous ossification

in foetus’ development then continues in boyhood and adolescence because of the growth of skeleton (Schulze et al., 2010). Otherwise, bone remodeling is seen as “life-long” process, involving in “resorption” (the old bone’s “breaking down”) and “ossification” (new bone’s forming) and is a core to shape and repair the skeleton and fractures of bone respectively. In bone, osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts are three different kinds of cell that have responsibilities of maintaining, producing…

There are cases of human mutations in the gene IGF1 of the insulin-like growth factors in which ossification is inhibited early causing some bones not to form or growth impairment (Agrogiannis, Sifakis, Patsouris, & Konstantinidou, 2014). In this case however, it would be the opposite, meaning that the process was inhibited late, making the extra bone…

Introduction The predominant disease that mutant FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) gene causes is Achondroplasia. Furthermore, Achondroplasia means the absence of chondrocyte formation in bones. Additionally, the transformation of chondrocytes into bone cells is prevalent in the limbs as well as the facial bones of humans (1). Therefore, the predominant symptom of Achondroplasia is bone growth retardation and is found in the limbs as well as facial bones. The majority of people…