Internet Protocol

130183364 Question No. 1 Compare the telephone network and the Internet. What are the similarities? What are the differences? The telephone network and the Internet are both networks, they both send signals from end to end. The telephone network is circuit switched and the Internet is a mixture of several technologies. Both uses equipment’s to send and receive. Telephone uses telephone switches on the Central Office, while the Internet uses layer 3 and layer 2 switches, multiplexers, frame relay…

latencies due to TCP connection structure. HTTP only transfers larger amount of data, and needs a genuine mechanism. DNS requests are short packets that issues the IP address for a name and maybe some other dependable name server addresses. The reliable protocol semantics of TCP would be costly in the DNS case. b) What could happen in DNS if its UDP based request or response packet is lost If DNS request packet are lost, the resolver would devote that there is a short-term failure in name…

Explain some cases in which you would perm-ban/temp-ban people: (For all of these situation I will be a helper for them just to let you know) Advertising- If someone where to advertise like give out their server Ip then I will mute them and put the evidence of them advertising in the support chat located on slack so a mod+ can ban them. Indirect Advertising- If someone where to indirect advertising I would first warn them for it and then get evidence show it to a mod+ so they can mute them.…

Introduction The current information technology (IT) infrastructure consists of a mix of 2008 and 2008 R2 servers, with two legacy Windows 2000 servers, and four Windows Server 2012. In addition to the Windows server environment, the network consists of routers, switches, and security appliances, such as firewalls. The environment also consists of important services to ensure the security, and stability of the network. The identity infrastructure is contained within Active Directory, which…

mini case Big E. Banking (BEB) discusses the problems with connecting networks together over a wide area, all using different protocols to communicate. The second mini case addresses the problems with software acquisition including the methods used to communicate across different software products. The third mini case investigates the types of networks and network protocols used by the fictitious company Atlas Advertising. Each mini case will addresses the problems stated above including a set…

Introduction Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) or IP telephony is the name for a multimedia application that involves streaming audio between users through IP networks. Audio is digitized and sent across IP networks and then converted again to a playable format. It is rapidly growing in popularity due to its cost-saving nature. While there are a variety challenges that need to be overcome in order to make use of this technology widespread, VoIP has the potential to replace traditional phone…

OMIS 660 Business Computing Environment and Network Lab - 1 REPORT TCP: Transmission Control Protocol SUMMARY: The idea of TCP congestion control is for each sender to determine the available capacity in the network so that it knows how many packets can be safely transmitted. The congestion window is a state variable for each connection which is used by the sender to limit how much data a sender can transmit into the network before receiving an acknowledgement. This report…

In this section the fast-recovery algorithm that makes TCP NewReno[1] perform better than the Reno[3], is described. During congestion avoidance if the sender receives triple duplicate ACKs, then it performs fast-retransmission and enters into fast-recovery. In fast-retransmit the sender retransmits the lost segment,sets the threshold value for slow-start as ssthresh = cwnd/2, and sets congestion window, cwnd = ssthresh+3 segments. In fast-recovery, the sender increases its congestion window by…

can be processed. The congested routers can discard queued packets to make room for those that are arriving. 4. This layer divide the data into segments and also ensures that data must be received in the same sequence in which it was sent. The protocols that are used are TCP and UDP. The data link layer is responsible for encapsulation of packets into frames and then transferring them to the physical layer. It is also responsible for flow control and addressing. 5. A three-way handshake is…

two major components to the MPLS architecture and they are control panel and data panel. The control panel has a complex function and is used to exchange the layer 3 routing information (RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and IGRP) and labels (Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)). The data plane is used to forward the packets based on the destination address or labels. The routers that are capable of routing and switching in the MPLS domain are called LSR (Label Switch Routers). This routing and switching takes…