Internet Protocol

The amount of data that must be transmitted through the Internet increases exponential, new applications such as RealAudio, Real Video, Internet Phone software and videoconferencing systems need a lot more bandwidth than the applications that were used in the early years of the Internet, this means that without any bandwidth control, the quality of these real-time streams depends on the bandwidth that is just available…

Step1: Start the program Step2: Initialize the nodes by fixing the number of nodes, type of antenna used, type of routing protocol and plotting circumference Step3: Frequency is allocated for the MIMO antennas. Step4: Positioning and plotting the nodes Step5: Base Bandwidth allocation for primary and secondary nodes • Primary network range- 2.4GHz - 2.485GHz • Secondary network range- 433.4MHz - 473MHz Step6: Setting time for node movement to move and setting the destination Step7: Traffic is…

other. To achieve this, multiple access protocols coordinate the transmission. The three classes of multiple access protocols are, random access, taking-turns and channel partitioning. With random access protocol, each node tries to randomly to use the complete broadcast link, without any regard to the other nodes. Taking-turns protocol uses some type of turning mechanism, which designates which node is allowed to transmit. Channel partitioning protocol divides the channel (time slots,…

31. Which addressing mode is requirement of reference memory calculated for operands? a. Indexed Mode b. Immediate Mode c. Indirect Mode d. Register Mode ANSWER: d. Register Mode 32. What kind of addressing resemble in terms of 8 low - order bits of memory address? a. Two- page Addressing b. Zero - page addressing c. Indexed Addressing d. None of the above ANSWER: b. Zero - page Addressing 33. How is the actual address of base-register designed? a. By addition of index register…

In order for network devices and applications to communicate with each other, they must follow protocols and specific rules that are laid out by the Open System Interconnection (OSI) and Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) model. In order for data to travel from one device to another, seven layers were created for the OSI & TCP/IP model. These seven layers are a basic standard, utilized by most networks today and are based on the OSI. Even though the OSI model is standard…

3. Results and discussion 3.1. Grafting of CNT on the ramie fabric The schematic representation for the mechanism of ramie fiber surface treatments is shown in Fig. 2. For the alkali treatment of ramie fiber, the NaOH reacts with the hydroxyl groups of the ramie fiber as shown in Fig. 2(a). During silane treatment, the hydrolysis of silane takes place initially (Fig. 2(b)) which then reacts with the active hydroxyl functionalities in ramie fiber (Fig. 2(c)). Each silane molecule has three…

support and enable. The northbound API is not standardized and often allows fine-grained control of switches. Applications should and do not need to process details of the southbound interface, such as details about the network topology [14]. OpenFlow protocol provides an interface that allows a control software to program switches in the network. Basically, the controller can change the forwarding behaviour of a switch by altering the forwarding table. This is where network programming…

model discussed in this chapter, and then think about how to talk about TCP/IP using OSI terms. Which of the following is a correctly phrased statement for how to use OSI terminology? a. HTTP is a Layer 5 protocol. b. IP is a network layer protocol. c. TCP is a Layer 2 protocol. d. Leased lines are Layer 7 standards. 10. Which of the following statements is true when comparing the OSI and the TCP/IP model as defined in RFC 1122? a. Two layer names match. b. The…

packets: IPv4: Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the standard version of the internet protocol, that acts as the platform for standard internet protocols and existing internet models (ISP). Extensive use of this protocol led to exhaustion of IP addresses. Therefore, we are bound to use IPv6, in the near future. A feature called as sub-netting is used for IP address allocation. It is defined in RFC 791. IPv6: Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the latest version of the Internet Protocol…

ISP: An Internet Service Provider is a company that provides you with services that provide you with the connection to the internet. The main services the company provides are: Broadband, TV and Phone. Here are some ISP’s: Virgin Media, Sky, BT and Talk Talk. Different companies offer different broadband speeds, Virgin Media provide speeds from 50Mb, 100Mb and 200Mb. Domain Name: Domain name, this is what identifies a website but also provides the IP address of a website. Every domain name will…