Internet Protocol Suite

European Union is recognized as one of the leaders in implementing new environmental policies and instruments for them. The targets of the EU are often ones of the most ambitious in the world. Adaptation strategies are developing continuously to strengthen the resilience of Europe. However, for the EU member states it is not an easy task to collaborate in dealing with environmental issues, since their recourses and targets differ. For instance, in October 2014 The EU leaders agreed on greenhouse…

In order to have a better understanding of Global Warming it is crucial to have a clear perspective of how it is affecting society and our planet today. Rainstorms, droughts, record high temperatures, the significant melting of ice glaciers and lastly the rising of sea levels are just some effects that have become increasingly prevailing in our day to day lives. Heat waves amongst precipitation under global warming are major threats to human and animal health and safety. The ongoing days of…

Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC (2005) The Agreement and its Goals: The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which aimed to mitigate anthropogenic effects of greenhouse gases on the environment by introducing a set of binding emission reduction targets for individual countries. Considering the threatening scale of the problem and the wide geographical distribution of GHG emissions, the Protocol required…

international treaty adopted unanimously by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that was named after a Japanese City, it was called the Kyoto Protocol. It took only one year for members of the UNFCCC to decide that there needed to be stricter demands for reducing gas emissions (UNFCCC, 2014). This Protocol was designed to reduce the emissions of gases that contribute to global warming. Given that, there were 41 countries plus the European Union who agreed to…

Though the use of chemical weapons was ostensibly banned in the international community by the Geneva Protocol in 1925, the research and development of biological and chemical weapons was permissible until the Protocols were amended in 1975. However, a lack of enforceability by any international governing body allowed a nation like South Africa to secretly create its own such program, one that operated unchecked and actively employed its toxins and agents throughout the 1980s. With apartheid as…

Climate Change is a worldwide phenomenon, that affects the regular conditions of the environment. Historically, there have been several conventions, as the Kyoto Protocol, in order to address this problem. However, only until the Paris Agreement, countries have committed to take actions to mitigate this issue. In fact, Canada did not demonstrate any interest in the subject, but rather the provinces took the initiative and started to use regulations to reduce CO2 emissions. By 2015, Canada has…

The extent and causes of global warming have become an issue of argumentative political debate in major countries, for instants, China, the United State, India, and Russia who produced most of greenhouse gases (Brander, 2014). The temperature on earth has increase dramatically that caused by greenhouse gas or CO2 emission (Carbon dioxide emission is the greenhouse gas produced by human activities) is a negative externality problem that affects the world. Not only it damaged the atmosphere and…

In 1992, Tanzania had its first national energy policy and the latest national energy policy was published in 2003. The national policy 2003 mainly focused on the national energy needs in Tanzania, and in the policy, to develop domestic cost effective energy resources, to improve energy reliability, efficiency and security, and to reduce deforestation were also highlighted as the subsidiary objectives. 2003 national energy policy put climate change concept in its content, and it is the first…

was released, which is one of the most common computer scripting languages to this day. Not only did Java get released in 1995, but Internet Explorer 2.0 was also released, a popular web browser and by 1997, DVD discs and players became commercially avaliable for the public’s use. In 1998, MP3 players were released to allow people to have the ability to download internet audio music without having to carry around one of those annoying CD players wherever they went, then, less than a year later,…

company's direct emissions. Direct GHG emissions occurring from sources that are owned or controlled by the company (ie, sources within the organisational boundary). For example, emissions from combustion of fuel in owned or controlled vehicles. The GHG Protocol and ISO 14064-1 require Scope 1 emissions to be reported. Options for calculating scope 1 emissions include: i. Method 1 – using default emissions factors derived from the latest version of the National Greenhouse Account Factors;…