Interleukin

Considering the evaluation of a high-tension area, such as the hand, treatment is guided by initial control of bleeding, prevention of infection, physical assessment, obtaining a health history, allergies, current medications and tetanus immunization history. Primarily, a focused assessment for the presence or absence of tendon, vascular or nerve damage, taking wound measurements, exploring the mechanism of injury and the length of time since the initial injury is paramount. As might be…

Cancer Immunotherapy: using immune based therapies to enhance the immune system to fight cancer cells. Introduction Cancer immunotherapy involves using components of the immune system to fight cancer cells. The immune system is very effective in getting rid of pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. The concept of unleashing the body’s ability to defend itself against cancer cells has long been a scientific discussion (Nathanson L. 1976). Over the last 10 years, scientists have synthesized drugs…

MSA University, faculty of pharmacy, Bio chemistry department. Course code PB301 Nucleotides Student name: ID: Under supervision of DR: Teaching assistant Structure Nucleic acids are polymers consist of units called nucleotides. These mononucleotide units react together by intermolecular dehydration reactions that create phosphate ester bonds. Those reactions are either, catalyzed or specialized enzymes. The nucleotide units are created by smaller types of components. Each nucleotide…

Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification is the direct manipulation of an organism’s genome using biotechnology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA…

Abstract: Purpose: To point out the possible relationship between Periodontitis and Mild and Preeclampsia in pregnant women and to correlate this to association to clinical and recommended periodontal considerations. Keywords: Periodontitis; Periodontal; Preeclampsia; Gingivitis Relationship between Periodontitis and Mild and Severe Pre-eclampsia in Pregnant Women Introduction: For a long time, maternal health has been identified as a critical determinant in trimming down the…

Aspiration is inhalation of foreign material below the vocal cords. In anesthesia practice, the inhalation of gastric content is rare 1 per 2000-3000 cases occurrence, however the consequences of the complication can be detrimental (Raghavendran, Nemzek, Napolitano, Knight, 2011). Presentation of the pulmonary aspiration ranges from silent aspiration, where the patient does not experience any symptoms, to the development of acute lung injury (ALI). The mortality rate after development of ALI…

Introduction Adiponectin Adiponectin is mainly produced in fat tissue but other studies have shown it to be expressed in mRNA and protein levels in different tissues like osteoblasts in humans and murine (Berner et al., 2004), parenchymal cells in the liver (Yoda-Murakami et al., 2001; Jonsson et al., 2005; Kaser et al., 2005), myocytes (Delaigle et al., 2004), epithelial cells (Shimada et al., 2004; Patel et al., 2008), and placental tissue (Caminos et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2006). Adipose…

with normal stools in between these episodes. However, these stools can also be mushy or on the contrary, the patient can suffer from constipation. Studies by Zhou et al. in 2003 show that whilst acute Giardiasis can be resolved by T-Cells and interleukin-6, antibodies are generally capable of eliminating the parasites; reinforcing the point that chronic Giardiasis is linked to those who have a lack of secretory immunoglobulin A (Wiser, 2010, pp. 47 –…

A new area of interest that is rising to the top of everyone’s research list is the concept that the gut microbiota communicates with the brain and other organs in the body. Studies have shown that he gut and the central nervous system (CNS) are closely linked and play a role in maintaining homeostasis (Cryan and O’Mahony, 2011). Any changes that decrease the “good” bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract can cause diseases to neuroendocrine and immune system (Cryan and O’Mahony, 2011). Stress is…

The T cells are a type of white cells, which are important to the immune system, and contain a system that adjusts the body’s reaction to specific pathogens, this being the center of its adaptive immunity. T cells are like soldiers who search out and destroy the targeted invaders. T cells can be compared to soilders, they search out and demolish intruders. There has been a literature attention on the function of the administration in cancer immunity in T-Cells. The T cells are now known to take…