Interferon

The most widespread disabling neurological condition of young adults around the world is Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Sclerosis is a Greek word meaning hardening of tissue or scars. Another name for MS is Demyelinating Disease, 85% of people diagnosed with MS have Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS). Around 10% have Primary-Progressive MS (PPMS), there is also Secondary-Progressive MS (SPMS), and Progressive-Relapsing MS (PRMS). The least common type is PRMS. In MS your immune system mistakenly attacks…

Hypermetabolism is the physiological condition of increased rate of metabolic activity and is described by a strange increment in the body's basal metabolic rate. Hypermetabolism is caused by injury or multiple traumas to the body. This could be in the form of surgery, bone fractures, infections, burns and bone marrow transplant. Hypermetabolism is a symptom of hyperthyroidism which is characterised by an increment in the production of thyroid hormones hence an increase in the rate of cellular…

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Case Study “Pathophysiology refers to the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living beings” (Copstead and Banasik, 2013, p.1). Pathophysiology attempts to discover any responses and reactions of living being’s organs, tissues, cells and body fluids, in response changes experienced in its internal or external environment. Pathophysiology becomes extremely important in the medical setting as it allows us to predict expected outcomes of diseases…

Introduction to the resubmission of R21 AI128282-01 HU, JIAFEN; CHRISTENSEN, NEIL We thank the Reviewers for their positive comments for our choice of model system as well as for their thoughtful comments, perspectives, and constructive suggestions to improve our proposal. The reviewers agreed that “This (model) is a good application that addresses a problem of high importance in the field”, and “Understanding the innate immune response against the pathogen will generate important information…

the disease to track progression or response to therapy. Though prevention of HDV is prevented with all the same measures of HBV, the treatment is not the same. (Levin, 2009) The treatment typically given to positive hepatitis B patients is an interferon therapy, and this has little effect on the virus hepatitis D. There is no specific treatment for hepatitis D at this time. In conclusion, Hepatitis Delta Virus can be a fatal virus. This virus affects people around the whole world, though it…

About 400,00 individuals are affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) in the United States and about 2.3 million people worldwide (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2002). The majority of symptoms commence between ages 20 and 40, with greater risk for women to be twice as likely to develop the disease (National Institute of Health, 2014). The exact cause of MS is unknown but there research shows there are geographic (people who live further from the equator), genetic, race (Northern European…

Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one the deadliest diseases that effects the brain, spine and the central nervous system (CNS). MS is a progressive immune-mediated disease that has an onset stage between ages 20-40 which is affecting 2.5 million people globally (Burke, Hooper, Barlow & Hatter (2013). The onset of multiple sclerosis attacks the immune system which slows down the communication of the brain to the other parts of the body. The immune system begins to breakdown leading…

Immune Mediated Development of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy that presents with ascending motor weakness, sensory abnormalities, and loss of reflexes. Guillain-Barré syndrome can be divided into 4 major clinically distinct forms: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), the Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), and acute sensorimotor axonal neuropathy (AMSAN). There are a…

Introduction Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that affects the nervous system. It is primarily an inflammatory disorder of the brain and spinal cord. People diagnosed with MS may have a variety of symptoms that can include: weakness, tremors, tingling, numbness, loss of balance, vision impairment, paralysis, impaired thinking, neuropathic pain, and bladder or bowel problems. Patients may also experience memory loss and depression. There is no current cure for MS, but there are…

It was a day like any other. I was finishing up some paperwork on my most recent skin graph when a call came in from the front desk, my next patient was here. I had yet to physically see the patient myself, but I had already made a prediction based on what was already known: Melanoma. The most dangerous form of skin cancer. Over 200,000 documented cases around the world each year, killing roughly 2% of those effected. [1] Despite the seemingly high survival rate, Melanoma is very deadly when not…