Insular cortex

gyri. Scientists have certain labels for these bulges and grooves on the top of the brain. Decades of scientific data have unleashed the specific functions of the different regions of the brain. Below the cerebral cortex or top of the brain, connects fibers between neurons forming a whitish look otherwise known white matter. The cerebral hemispheres have several types of fissures. By pin pointing the top of the brain, it can effectively be separated into pairs of so called lobes. Lobes are just…

The structure of the cerebral cortex The cerebral cortex is the cerebrum’s outer layer. It is divided into two cortices, the left and the right cerebral hemispheres divided by the medial longitudinal fissure. The cerebral cortex plays a major role in memory, attention, perception, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. The human cerebral cortex is thick about 2-4mm.The cerebral cortex is gray matter, consisting mainly of cell bodies and capillaries. It contrasts with the underlying…

The Pedunculopontine nucleus (Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, PPTN) is considered one of the key elements of the reticular activating system (RAS)[1]. It is located in the mesencephalic tegmentum just caudal to the red nucleus and dorsal to the substantia nigra; Laterally it is surrounded by the medial lemniscus and medially by fibers of the superior cerebellar peduncle[2]. PPTN has a cluster of cells that exhibit a wide heterogeneity in terms of their neurochemical nature, their discharge…

The Controversy behind Endocrine Disruptors Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that can cause an individual’s endocrine, neurological or immune system to not function properly. Many chemicals have been deemed endocrine disruptors but are still used heavily today. They can be seen in things such as, plastics, cosmetics and pesticides among other products. Whether or not the benefits that using certain compounds affords us is worth the damage they can potentially cause is the basis for the…

The Nervous system is one of the most important parts of the body. It connects all other organs to help them communicate together. This system is made up of the brain, the spinal cord, sensory organs, and nerves that connect organs together. When all of these parts work together, they have control of the body. The brain and the spinal cord are two major organs that make up the central nervous system. The nervous systems relationship with the other systems is giving them the right information…

Cerebral palsy is defined as “a neurologic condition caused by injury to the immature brain; it is characterized by a non-progressive disturbance of the motor system” (Webb, 2017, p.260). This neurologic disorder can be classified into three categories which are spastic, dyskinetic, and ataxia. There are many different causes of cerebral palsy that can occur prenatal, natal, or postnatal. Motor movement is an impairment that is most associated with this neurologic disorder. Some communication…

Some neurological defects like hydrocephaly, lissencephaly, partial agenesis of the corpus callosum are also reported with the Proteus syndrome. 112 It may cause paraspinal hamartoma. 110 Protuberance of the skull, 113 structural and functional asymmetry of the central nervous system, 114 hydrocephalus and mental retardation are also some features of proteus syndrome. 113 Epilepsy and ohtahara syndrome is diagnosed in children affected by Proteus syndrome associated with infantile spasms,…

The brain is one of the most important parts of my body and is made of 4 major parts called "lobe". The four major parts are: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. If there is a chance I have to sacrifice one of the four lobes to survive and live without one lobe, I will sacrifice my occipital lobe. There are some functions from both the frontal lobe and parietal lobe which originate my ability to walk, which I consider the worst for me to lose it. I couldn't not…

The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, while it’s connected with brain function such as thinking and doing actions. There are four sections to the cerebral cortex there is the Frontal lobe that is responsible for reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving. Then there is the Parietal lobe, that is responsible for movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli, Then the Occipital lobe that is responsible for visual processing, and the Temporal…

Task One Explain the functions of the following The Temporal Lobe The temporal lobe is placed in the base of the cortex behind the temples. It is one of the four exceeding lobes in the cerebral cortex. The temporal lobe develops sensory information. It controls select listening and the data collected from the ears. Sound and speech is also created here. The temporal lobe conceives significant speech, including sounds and pitches. Long term and visual memories are stored here. The temporal…