Insular cortex

The five main parts of the brain are:- Midbrain, Pons Varolii, Medulla Oblongata, Cerebrum and Cerebellum The midbrain is forms part of the brainstem (along with the medulla oblongata and pons varolii). It is responsible for your level of consciousness. The midbrain consists of two stalk-like bans that come out from the base of the cerebrum and lead into the pons varolii. It contains both grey and white matter. The pons varolii is located just below the midbrain and is responsible for…

When I read what happens when your hippocampus is damaged, my mind went to a movie I just watch. In 50 first dates Drew Barrymore plays a woman who can’t form new memories because she was in a crash in which she received a head injury. We can assume from the movie that she has injured her hippocampus. Since her hippocampus was damage it cause her to have ametrograde amnesia which means she can no longer make new long term memories since the crash. This is occurring because the switching station…

No one knows for certain exactly what causes migraines. Currently it is thought a series of small irritations or events build up until the dam bursts and a migraine headache is triggered. What causes migraines, or triggers them, varies from individual to individual. What affects one person won't have the slightest affect on others. Migraine triggers are very personal. The experience of many who suffer from these headaches is that a particular food or mix of foods will tip them over the edge into…

areas supported by the current research are the inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis in the prefrontal cortex, the ventral pre-motor cortex, the inferior parietal lobe, and the superior temporal sulcus between the superior and middle temporal gyri. The inferior frontal gyrus is thought to be involeved in inhibition of action and risk aversion (Archibald, 2006). The ventral premotor cortex is part of the Brodmann area 6…

The amygdala is often called the “aggression center” of the brain. There are two of them in one’s limbic system, and they are located on either side of the thalamus, at the end of the hippocampus, a little bit in front of the brain stem. When the amygdalas are stimulated, one feels anger, violence, fear, and anxiety. When the amygdalas are completely destroyed, a person has what is called Kluver-Bucy syndrome. The effects of this syndrome include hyperorality, hypersexuality, and…

subthalamus is below the hypothalamus. “The thalamus is a vital structure lying deep within the brain that has several important functions. There are extensive nerve networks that send signals all around the structures of the brain including the cerebral cortex. The thalamus is involved in sensory and motor signal relay and the regulation of consciousness and sleep” (Mandal). Sensory messages that travel to the thalamus come from the senses of the body such as seeing, hearing, tasting, touch,…

Abstract: There are no “typical” manifestations of symptoms when it comes to cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive motor disorder caused by congenital or acquired brain damage. It is difficult to say with any certainty what kind of struggles a child with CP will have. This is due to the great variability of how CP manifests. Cerebral palsy symptoms can range in severity and impact any number bodily processes and systems. The effect of CP on speech subsystems is no different, and…

Cerebral Palsy Sometimes we take our everyday actions for granted. People living with Cerebral Palsy don?t have this luxury. In fact, they are forced to carefully monitor their activities and limit themselves due to their inability to perform certain tasks. Cerebral Palsy is not one particular disease, it is actually a term used to cover a wide variety of disorders: Spastic, Dyskinetic, Atheoid, Atoxic and Mixed Presentation Cerebral Palsy. The most common of these is Spastic Cerebral Palsy. An…

At a first glance, hemispheres look like mirror images (identical). However, science has been proving since 1968 effectively through examinations of positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG) and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), the existence of anatomical asymmetries, neurochemical and functional, thereby designating the hemispheric specializations. Paul Broca (1860), through work and biopsies found that the language…

motor cortex area to have decrease activity because of the increase inhibition from the thalamus causing decrease activity to the lateral corticalspinal and rubrospinal tracts. The result of this change is impairment of voluntary movement creating symptoms of such as akinesia and bradykinesia. The next part of the motor loop to be affected is the increase inhibition pedunculopontine nucleus causing disinhibition of the reticulospinal tract causing rigidity of postural and girdle…