Insects

Ant colony algorithm has three steps: pheromone initialization, building tour, updating pheromone.For the ant colony algorithm, path selection influence a little by the pheromone initialization. In order to get a better result, the pheromone value is always initialized slightly higher than the one released in each iteration.We have taken the initial value of pheromone as τij(0)= m/Cmin where , τij(t) is the residual pheromone on the path between node i and node j at moment t. m is the number of…

Classification Levels of the Chesapeake Blue Crab Characteristics of Invertebrates in the Class Malacostraca Scientific Name: Callinectes sapidus Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Sub-Phylum: Crustacea Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda Family: Portunidae Genus: Callinectes Species: Sapidus Habitat of the Chesapeake Blue Crab The Blue Crab lives in several different locations. A few of these locations are the…

Have you ever wondered if Rattlesnakes can sense fear?They can by using their hyper-active adrenaline glands.Rattlesnakes are very weird a behave differently from other snakes.They also live in many different places.Rattlesnake’s bodies are very complex,and involve many things.Rattlesnakes can lead very interesting lives, live in very strange places,and their bodies can be very complex pieces of living tissue. A rattler’s behavior depends on the situation the rattler is in. When threatened,the…

The issue of invasive species first came to my attention by the creature in the photo on top. The creature is the cane toad (Rhinella marina), which I first got to know from a documentary from National Geographic, Killer Cane Toad. Much has been forgotten from the documentary, hence I looked up the internet to refresh my memory on the issue again. Here is what I found. Cane toad was first introduced into Australia in 1935 by Reginald Mungomery to tackle the issue of canegrubs damaging the cane…

Burdick, Alan. “The Truth about Invasive Species.” 50 Essays: A Portable Anthology. 4th Ed. Samuel Cohen. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2014. 83-90. Print. Summary: In Alan Burdick’s essay, “The Truth about Invasive Species”, he discusses the theme of how living organisms can adapt fairly easy to different environments without causing harmful damage. There is evidence presented in the article that tells readers information about invasive species. An example is that the American gray squirrel…

I’m nearly late to my lab that day. I rush up the stairs of the old brick building, laughs and conversations of the luckier students who had just gotten out of class echoing through the halls. My feet pound against the dingy linoleum, almost loud enough to drown them all out. I step into the lab room, exhale in one long woosh, and let my shoulder’s drop – the professor isn’t there yet. But the TAs are. They sweep through the aisles with strange plastic cylinders in their hands. I step foot in…

 4.1. Demographic and socio-economic characteristics of respondents This section provides an overview of the honey and beeswax value chain analysis sample respondents in Adwa and Ahferom districts. Demographic characteristics included for farmers, traders and tej makers. The results presented and discussed entirely to the sampled households. 4.1.1. Demographic and socio-economic characteristics of farmers Age - The average age of the respondent was 50.5 (±10) years. The average age of…

Introduction Africanized bees, better known as killer bees, are a subspecies of honey bee and are very dangerous, unlike the honey bee, which is docile unless provoked. Let's get into how they came to bee. History Scientist Warwick E. Kerr was attempting to crossbreed honey bees from Europe and Southern Africa so that they would make more honey. It was also to attempt to make them more adaptable to tropical conditions thus being more productive. The crossbred species was then moved to…

Pesticides appear to play a great role in cases of colony collapse. For example, neonicotinoids appear to impact bee behavior in ways that easily provide the opportunity for illnesses and parasites to strike when a bee already has a poor diet and a hampered immune system. A neonicotinoid is a newer form of pesticide which is produced in the form of pellets and put into the soil. When watered, the crops absorb the chemicals from these pellets through their roots. This makes them pest-resistant…

There are few things in this world that affect every single thing on this Earth. Possibly because they are a common sight, most people do not realize one of these creatures is the lowly honeybee. They affect humanity and everything on Earth more than most know or admit. The sad thing is bees seem to mysteriously be disappearing when we need them most. Bees are a fundamental part of Earth, and we must act now to help them to save our precious home. The decline in bee population has been…