Innate immune system

development, the nervous system wires itself completely – an impressive feat considering the millions of connections and neurons in the body. However perhaps even more impressive is the ability of the nervous system to restore neuronal connections after injury. This is particularly advanced in frogs, fish and invertebrates as once an axon is cut in the central nervous system, the regeneration allows full functional recovery whereas in the mammalian central nervous system full recovery is not…

ServSafe Food Safety and the Dangers of Undercooked Shellfish Shellfish selections tend to be plentiful on summer happy hour and appetizer menus for their versatility and fresh taste, but, with the heat of spring and summer warming the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Coast and waters in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest, serving shellfish during the summer months creates a rise in the risk of spreading a food-borne illnesses due to Vibrio infections. This week, we'll briefly discuss how to cook and…

becoming active after the latent stage. What makes this stage different from the previous stages is that the disease starts attacking and penetrating into the nervous system. The invasion of the nervous system causes abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid, elevated white blood cells, etc. Also, the invasion of the nervous systems, following the primary or secondary stage of…

Stage three of the disease is when an infected individual begins to exhibit opportunistic infections and CD4 count falls below 500/ ml. The final and heightened stages of HIV infection are often described as full-blown AIDS, wherein the immune system is significantly damaged. The symptoms of this stage include chronic symptoms like rapid weight loss, serious fever (reaching temperature of 100 degrees F), soaking night sweats, chronic diarrhea, vomiting, dry coughs, short breaths, distorted…

Deinococcus radiodurans (D. radiodurans) was discovered in 1956 by Arthur W. Anderson at the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in Corvallis, Oregon. There was an experiment to determine if processed foods can be sanitized by using great amount of gamma radiation. A can of meat was revealed that radiation, which was believed to destroy all known types of lifestyle, has been damaged and D. radiodurans was separated. D. radiodurans is known for its radiation-resistant qualities. Being that it…

An infant is born to two parents. The father has type A blood and the mother has type B blood. A sample of the infant’s blood is sent for blood typing. When the infant’s blood is subjected to forward typing, there is no agglutination. When back-typing is performed, the infant’s serum causes agglutination with both type A and type B RBCs. Which of the following is the most likely interpretation of these results? A. The infant has type A blood. B. The infant has type AB blood. C. The infant has…

conditioning regimen depends on factors such as age, disease status, comorbidities and donor availability. It can be given to patient without stem cell support and has been stated to result in minor reduction in number of red blood cells (cytopenia). NMA are immune-ablative regimen and are immunosuppressive which is why they cause total engraftment of donor lympho-hematopoietic stem cell. However, a large number of donor T lymphocytes and donor CD34+ cells will be required to aid donor…

Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane, otherwise know as DDT is the most well know pesticide used around the world. (1) Up until 1972 DDT was the most commonly used insecticide in the United States (2) Initially DDT was used to control, lice, malaria and typhus. It then widened its reign to most crops in the United States. It attacked as a kill button. If you sprayed the crops, the insects would die and the crops would then grow stronger and better. What scientists didn’t know is what would happen…

you are bothered by wrinkles and other signs of aging then a Botox treatment could be very beneficial. It is a treatment that provides a quick and effective solution in helping to reduce the look of facial lines and wrinkles. Over time, aging, combined with stress, worry, and everyday environmental factors can take their toll on your face making it look older than it should. Botox treatments were first approved in 1990. They are given by way of injection to smooth out the wrinkles of the…

Overall survival Mean overall survival (OS) was 13.8 years (median was not reached) with 96% at 3 years, 93% at 5 years, 83% at 10 years and 64% at 15 years after RT. For low-grade meningioma survival rate was 97% at 3 years, 94% at 5 years, 85% at 10 years and 65% at 15 years, for atypical meningioma 91% at 3 years, 86% at 5 years, 62% at 10 years and 50% at 15 years. As expected OS is significantly better for low-grade meningioma (p=.034, Figure 1). Stratified by histology, we compared groups…