Ingestion

Grandiose type delusional disorder is when one firmly believes they are a person of high social standing or even at celebrity status despite significant evidence that they are obviously not (Gloom, 2015). Grandiose delusions are often associated with religious, fictional and even supernatural themes that cause a perceived sense of importance for no reason at all (Gloom, 2015). Although the specific cause of these delusions has not been made exact, studies have found that causes stem from…

Anthrax has several different routes of potential exposure to its victims. The first route of exposure and also the most dangerous is that of inhalation, or breathing in the spores. The second route and also just as deadly as inhalation is that of ingestion, or eating the spores. Both of these routes have a mortality rate of 95-100%, even if antibiotics are used in the treatment. The third route of exposure of anthrax is that of the…

Substance-induced disorders is defined as “syndromes and consequences produced as a result of recurrent ingestion, they consist of intoxication, withdrawal, and a series of substance-induced mental disturbances (Lyons, 2014, p322). Alcoholism is a complex individual and social disorder which cuts across many areas. It is effected by the fields of medicine, physiology, psychology, social welfare, religion, penology, education, politics, and economics. All the different fields have a different…

The Critical Noncarcinogenic effect of acrylamide is classified as “Degenerative Nerve Changes”. This means that chronic ingestion of acrylamide resulted in an observable damaging of the central and peripheral nervous system, thus classifying it as a neurotoxin. This conclusion was determined after the results of two separate chronic (2year) drinking water studies performed on lab rats. (Friedman et al., 1995, 224307; Johnson et 14 al., 1986, 061340). The doseresponse data for acrylamide was…

The Chernobyl disaster (1986) was probably the worst possible accident in a nuclear power plant. It was the biggest catastrophe ever happened since the beginning of operating nuclear power stations. It started by a total meltdown of the reactor core. The explosion and the consequent reactor fire, burning for 10 days, resulted in a vast emission of radioactive material, early deaths of 31 persons and adverse consequences for the public and the environment [198]. This Chernobyl disaster provided…

Hydrazine (N2H4) is a colorless, oily liquid that has an odor similar to ammonia. Other names for Hydrazine include Diamine, Nitrogen hydride, Diazine, and Levoxine. Its molecular weight is 32.05 g/mol and it is miscible in water. Its boiling point is 113.5 degrees Celsius at 760 mm Hg and its melting point is 2.0 degrees Celsius. Most people can smell hydrazine when present at concentrations of 2.0–8.0 parts per million (Choudhary G). “It is known for its corrosive and strong reducing…

aureus is one of the bacteria that produce enterotoxin (Schelin et al., 2011). Most of previous research, an occurrence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in food caused one the most frequent microbial diseases which known as Gastroenteritis due to the ingestion of food contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxins. Staphylococcal food poisoning caused by the enterotoxigenic producing S. aureus which is main foodborne disease throughout the world (Argudín et al., 2010). The high prevalence…

It has a first line of defense and a second line of defense that have been present since birth. When we call it nonspecific immunity we mean that they don’t necessarily know what type of virus, what type of bacteria, or what type of foreign substance it is. They generally respond to things that are bad. All they know is that they see something that isn’t suppose to belong and they respond to it, but they don’t remember it. The first line of defense includes the physical and chemical barriers…

Wastewater can be formed from domestic, industrial, agricultural, commercial activities or any combination of these. Rainwater runoff is also considered as wastewater. This wastewater is full of chemicals, bacterial, viruses and other contaminants regardless where it comes from. Based on this reason, wastewater treatment is needed and crucial for converting the wastewater into an effluent that can be either discharged to the environment or reused. However, wastewater treatment plant posed safety…

There are several kinds of roundworms which can lead to infections in humans. Their lengths usually vary a lot from 1 millimeter to 1 meter. Most of them are usually eggs and larvae which live in the soils. They usually get into the body through the hands when people touch them or through the mouth. Some of the roundworms also get into the body through the skin because of their small sizes but they usually grow big. The infection of the roundworms usually happens mostly in the warm tropical…