In vitro

recently emerging organ printing has shown great promise in developing a new app roach to create kidney replacements. Miniature sized kidneys have been successfully printed but further research must be done on the effectiveness of these scaffolds in vitro and in…

like the terms “Pro-choice” and “Pro-life” because of her personal experiences with the effects of abortion. She and her husband began to try to have children soon after they were married, but had difficulty conceiving. As a result, they turned to vitro fertilization. This method was initially a success and Judy learned she was pregnant…

carry on or so royal families have an heir to their throne. But some cultures are very strict on the issue and make mothers abort their child if it is not the desired sex. Could this abortion of children go hand-in-hand with gender selection and in vitro fertilization to eliminate the inheritance of disease within a family? Preimplanation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) was initially used to eliminate the chances of a baby being at risk for certain inheritable diseases, but has since grown into the…

As science becomes more advanced, research and testing of newly discovered ways to heal the human body often leads to controversy over the moral and ethical dilemmas that present themselves. The controversy over embryonic stem cell research has let to arguments over the funding of such research. Opponents to the research claim embryos are human lives and harvesting stem cells from them destroys the embryo thus kills a human life (SAUNDERS). Proponents argue the tremendous advantages to human…

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) – the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia – is a chronic, progressive fibrotic lung disease that affects older adults. IPF is characterized by a continuing decline in lung function, poor survival, and limited therapeutic options. The invasive proliferation of fibrous tissue and scarring of the interstitium lead to a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) (Richeldi et al. 2014). IPF has a poor prognosis; the median survival for the disease is…

Imagine living inside a locked closet. Only wide enough to lay down and tall enough for you to stand. The small space is dark and cold. You have no control of your life and each day is a guessing game. You cannot choose when you will eat, what you will do that day, and you have no idea if you will ever be able to get out of the cage. Each day is a struggle to stay alive. This description is the life of an animal in a testing laboratory. These innocent creatures spend their lives locked up as…

BBC News stated that approximately 700 animals are being killed to for animal testing, but out of those 700 only one animal did not die in vain. This animal found a cure for a human illness, yet the rest 699 animals died in the name of science. Before these animals died, they experienced torture, suffering, pain, and fear. These animal 's fear being next and not being able to survive. If they survive the torture, they will keep fighting until they realize the pain is part of their daily routine.…

Friability 1.34% Tablet Thickness and Diameter Thickness 4.52±0.085mm Diameter 6.26±0.073mm Weight Variation All the tablets have deviation less than 5% Tablet Disintegration Time 5.6±1.15 min Assay Raloxifene Hydrochloride 95.61% Naringin 92.4% In-Vitro Release study was performed in Phosphate Buffer Saline pH 7.4 with 0.1% Tween 80 for comparison with marketed formulation and to check for release kinetics, in which best goodness-of-fit test (R2) was taken as criteria for selecting the most…

Modification or alteration of deoxyribonucleic acid found in the chromosomes of a cell, otherwise known as genetic engineering, is beginning to grip more ground in the realm of scientific research and could possibly become a cornerstone for a completely technological future. With the growing curiosity and experimentation surrounding genetic engineering, there is also controversy sparking about the issue: should the government limit the research and abilities of genetic engineering? Not only has…

humans, adult stem cells are available to divide and give rise to mature cell when needed which have same characteristic shapes and functions. The following are examples of differentiation pathways of adult stem cells that have been demonstrated in vitro or in vivo. • Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all the types of blood cells: red blood cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and macrophages. • Neural stem cells in the…