Igneous rock

Introduction Adakites are volcanic rocks that are diagnostic of high temperature, high pressure conditions, (Stevenson, 2005). Their composition ranges from felsic to intermediate, and are characterized by assemblages of plagioclase, and often amphibole, and are identified by their unique geochemical signatures. Adakite is named Adak Island, Alaska, where it was first documented,(Defant and Drummond, 1990). They are often formed through the partial melting of a young subducting slab of…

Tectonism. Speed and Sleep (1982) focused on the enclaved region to support the Arc-collision hypothesis, and they believed that within this enclaved region (1) Antler related rocks slightly changed from their Mississippian positions compare to the subjacent Paleozoic shelf rocks. (2) The eastern limit of the lower Paleozoic oceanic rocks is the approximate trace of the Roberts mountains thrust, and (3) if a regional Mesozoic decollement extends from eastern to western Nevada, it lies deeply…

sandstone and shale. Then an intrusive magma that made its way through the crust, only to cool and become granite and pegmatites. This magma changed the existing rocks making schists and quartzite. After the inland sea receded erosion dominated the area eroding many layers of rock that had been deposited. A massive uplift rose these rocks to 15,000 feet. The erosion process eventually got rid of the sedimentary layers, exposing the granites and metamorphic knobs that we see today. Imagine if one…

till. The sandstone was the oldest in the formation of rocks dating back over 550 million years. It was a layered set of sandstone and was folded. The elevation was less than 1,000 feet and its thickness was approximately 115. The next oldest in this area was the Ordovician dolomite. This is roughly 505 million years old. It was bedded flat and had layers. Its elevation was also less than 1,000 and the thickness was approximately 20. The newest rock in the area was the quaternary till that was…

During the Scottish Enlightenment, a period of increased intellectual activity in the 18th and early 19th century, individuals tended to explore multiple disciplines of study (Young, 2016). One prominent Scottish Enlightenment figure was James Hutton, living from 1726 to 1797. During his lifetime he was a lawyer, geologist, chemist, physician, farmer, and naturalist. Hutton, along with other prominent Enlightenment figures, Joseph Black and Adam Smith, founded the Oyster Club. This intellectual…

weather in the United States, which it can attribute to its geology. San Diego is also well known for consistent droughts; however, its current unique geography is a result of ancient rivers and seas depositing Cretaceous and Tertiary sedimentary rocks. As a result of these ancient rivers, “San Diego County can be divided between three distinct geomorphic regions: the Coastal Plain region as exposed west of the Peninsular Ranges, the Peninsular Range region, and the Salton Trough region as…

In 1965, the serpentine rock became California’s state rock; they are abundant in central and northern California. The serpentine rock is a metamorphic rock that forms by the hydration of rocks from the Earth’s mantle; these types of rocks will rise towards the Earth’s surface along fault zones. It can be found in various colors from dark green and brown, to blue with a glossy surface. However, these rocks tend to be slippery and creates a high risk for land slides. Through a series of…

Golden is tilted and there were mining done here. Let’s start our journey at Red Rocks Park, the Precambrian Basement, around 1.7 billion years ago, when North America is forming along with the formation of the giant continent Columbia. This is proven by the deep marine limestone and the rock is deposited in the subduction…

About 60% of the territory is mountainous, apart from the coasts. Puerto Rico offers Varity of amazing rain forest, deserts, beaches, caves, oceans and rivers. Puerto Rico has three major Geographic regions: Mountainous interior, coastal lowlands, and the karst area. Mountainous interior is formed by a chain of central mountains generally known as Cordillera Central, The largest mountains are Cerro La Punta (1,338 m) in Jayuya; Rosas (1,267 m) found between Jayuya and Ciales, Guilarte (1,205 m)…

Onyx: The Practical and Metaphysical Story Onyx is a specific variety of the mineral known as chalcedony. It is a banded mineral, which means that the layering of the rock that formed it has caused “bands” of different colors to appear. Many people mistake onyx for a type of agate, which is another type of chalcedony, but where agate has curved bands onyx has parallel bands instead. Onyx is found in nearly every color, though bands of black and white are the most common. When onyx is banded…