Hypoxia

while facing a diminished O2 supply. Recent evidence suggests that genes in the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway have been targeted by natural selection and have contributed to evolutionary adaptation to high altitudes in several species. In this project, these scientists examined the role of hypoxia signaling in high-altitude adaptation in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) in hypoxia is augmented in high-altitude populations, underpinned by increases in…

ROP is a multifactorial disease. Low gestational age, low birth weight, sepsis, oxygen therapy, respiratory distress syndrome, and blood transfusion have been suspected to influence the incidence of ROP. The most significant risk factors for development of ROP were low gestational age and low birth weight, as shown in many studies. In our study, low gestational age, sepsis, oxygen therapy, and frequency of blood transfusions were found to be risk factors for development of ROP independently.…

Altitude sickness, is divided into 3 different levels of intensity, Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), and High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE). These illnesses occur when someone is exposed to levels of higher elevation, reduced oxygen levels and lowered air pressure. Altitude sickness causes the veins and capillaries to expand in order to take in more oxygen. Some scientists also believe that it can cause the brain to slightly swell. Altitude sickness can…

promising in their researches is hypoxia. When a tumor grows, it exceeds its blood supply, and its interior becomes depleted of oxygen. As a result of hypoxia, genes are turned on that survive under low oxygen pressure. Genes are also turned on that increase blood flow to the tumor by the formation of small blood vessels. “Gaining a better understanding of how tumors induce angiogenesis has become a high priority of cancer research. One promising line of research concerns hypoxia. As a solid…

these changes in the structure of the right ventricle, myocardial systolic function is generally conserved in pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic lung disease (Vizza et al., 1998). Concentric RV hypertrophy can predate resting hypoxia in patients with stable COPD (Vonk-Noordegraaf et al., 2005). The normally thin-walled compliant RV is hypertrophied to moderate the rising intraluminal pressure and ultimately decreases wall stress. Increased RV thickness is…

hypotonic. 5% of babies will die, and, of the remaining 95%, 20% of survivors will have some neurological deficit. ̶ Grade III: Baby is flaccid, stuporose, has poorly reacting pupils and will suffer from prolonged fits. 75% of babies with grade III hypoxia will die and 100% of survivors will have neurological deficits, principally spasticity and cognitive…

Purpose: Our previous computer models suggested that intraluminal thrombus (ILT) within an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) attenuates oxygen diffusion to the AAA wall, possibly causing localized hypoxia and contributing to wall weakening. The purpose of this work was to investigate this possibility. Methods: In one arm of this study, patients with AAA were placed in one of two groups: (1) those with an ILT of 4- mm or greater thickness on the anterior surface or (2) those with little (< 4 mm)…

the following symptoms: bradycardia, bradypnea, hypotension, hypothermia, hypoxia, and non-responsive to pain. For this patient, an endotracheal tube would be placed to protect the airway and start mechanical ventilation, since the patient is having difficulty maintaining spontaneous ventilation. This will also protect the airway from potential aspiration. Continuous oxygen therapy at 100% to help improve the patient’s hypoxia. Intravenous fluid therapy would also be initiated to help increase…

Brain injuries in neonates cause marked chronic disability and can have a profound impact on the quality of life both in the patient and for their family. Causes of Neonatal brain injuries include stroke, hypoxia - ischaemia, foetal inflammation, reperfusion injuries, metabolic pathway insufficiency, and birth asphyxiation events. It is important to note that the type of injury seen in the neonate is largely dependent on age at the time of insult. In premature…

underlying central nervous system dysfunction in which abnormal electrical discharges in areas of the brain are responsible for a temporary episode of behavior alteration. Seizures may be trigger by certain factors including stressful situations, such as hypoxia or rapid drop in blood glucose. It can also occur in young children and infants due to a sudden elevation in body temperature. There are different types of seizures, generalized and partial, and their classification depends on the…