Hyphenated American

The border states between the North and South faced a migration of African Americans attempting to begin a life anywhere except under the oppression of Jim Crow and the bleak conditions of the postbellum South. As extremist movements and relational events occurred throughout the nation, urban areas experienced a renaissance of black culture. Was this period truly the “birth of a nation?” As black culture graced America with music, art, and literature, white Protestant women attempted to gain…

if the main reasons black culture is celebrated today. Langston Hughes, or James Mercer, was born on February 1, 1902 in Joplin Missouri. He died May 22, 1967 in New York City (Webster 209). Born with a racial background of African, French, Native American, and English ancestry, Hughes used his background throughout his life as an inspiration for his art. Hughes attended elementary school in Lincoln, Illinois. In his class, he was elected as class poet, which may have started his fame in poetry.…

In the stories “The Lesson” by Toni Cade Bambara, and “The Struggle to be an All American Girl” by Elizabeth Wong, and the poem “Indian Boarding School: The Runaways” by Louise Erdrich, each of the writers focus on the positive and negative aspects of education. While part of the setting for Louise Erdrich’s poem and Elizabeth Wong’s story take place inside an actual school, the setting for Toni Cade Bambara’s story doesn’t take place inside a school; however, for all three stories, the…

calling themselves Christians, while being incredibly racist and discriminatory against African Americans. A twisted meaning of faith is seen in O’Connor’s life as well as in “A Good Man is Hard to Find.” Lastly, Julian’s mother exhibits irony in “Everything That Rises Must Converge.” She believes her hat makes her superior to the people around her because of its cost. The irony unfolds when an African American woman steps onto the bus, wearing the same hat Julian’s mother is wearing. Julian’s…

Once upon a time, a little kid’s home was strolled by a malignant beast. The little kid was wary of alarming the beast, the kid would skulk around the beast at the break of dawn to escape the beast. But, you might ponder, what happened when the beast was startled? Hell broke loose. The kid’s adrenaline levels sky rocketed, with palms drenched in sweat and a heartbeat’s worth a mile per minute the kid urgently sprinted, like the lighting was about to strike. The forest ahead was without end, and…

has shown to be corrupt by racial profiling and racism. Court cases that are decided with a peer jury, had always seemed to have had their mind made up about a case involving an African American without hearing the facts first. Trials for people of color in the Jim Crow era were not fair and unbiased, African Americans were always guilty until proven innocent, which rarely happened. In the film A Lesson Before Dying, Jefferson, who is in the wrong place at the wrong time is wrongly imprisoned…

instead finds himself turned on by African Americans and racial violence in the jailhouse. In his depiction of the white sheriff, Baldwin uses his unique perspective as a black homosexual man facing persecution in the 1960s in which he writes to attempt to make sense of what could motivate racial terrorism. In this paper, I will argue that Baldwin uses vivid, explicit sexual language to argue that racism often stems from the fetishisation of African Americans and is frequently a behavior learned…

During this period of time, women and children attending to school rates were higher. In the textbook, it stated, “... to African American education, women’s higher education expanded notably…,” and “... thousands of women earned degrees and suffered no apparent harm, fear faded.” These show that education was important to African Americans and women. The education that they had get rid of their fear and weaknesses. However, according STEM Jobs, “women are unlikely hired than men.”…

intimidation through performance. In the film, intimidation is shown through a performance called Toyi Toyi (Jumping up and down, moving to the rhythm of the beat), in which Caucasians’ are frightened by African Americans. Caucasians’ show the act of intimidation within the performance when African American people show threatful hand movement. This resulted to whites sending armed soldiers with tanks to defend themselves. Besides performance, intimidation is also shown in the image. For…

Zac O’Neal Dr. Ketzle Writing 2211 On the fiftieth anniversary of the historic civil rights march in Selma, Alabama, President Barack Obama, the first African American president of the United States addressed the crowd around him, giving a speech as much to address the continuing racial inequalities in the United States as to honor the price paid by the marchers so many years ago. In this speech, he offers a hopeful view of the United States. This speech runs in direct contrast with the book…