Hyperuricemia

concentration of xanthine in human plasma ranges from 0.5 to 2.5 μM (40−160 μM in urine) [2]. As the metabolic precursor of uric acid, xanthine is the first indicator of an abnormal purine profile and can serve as a marker of many diseases including hyperuricemia[3], gout[4], xanthinuria[5], perinatal asphyxia[6], cerebral ischemia[7], tumor hyperthermia[8] and pre-eclampsia[9]. Uric acid is typically present at serum concentrations of ∼200−400 μM and is by far the dominant purine of this class…

process, are eliminated through your urine. However, in some cases, this material accumulates in immoderate quantities, whether your body produces too plenty of it or has trouble eliminating it. As a result, an inflammatory disorder recognized as hyperuricemia is created, characterized by kidney issues and joint problems due to the formation of crystals from the residue. The situation can be quite painful, and if left uncontrolled, it can contribute to the improvement of chronic,…

Thiazide Diuretics are very similar to loop diuretics in that they both get rid of sodium, chloride, potassium and water. Thiazide diuretics work at the proximal part of the distal convoluted tubule. Thiazides have the ability to increase uric acid plasma and glucose plasma levels. The only big difference between thiazide diuretics and loop diuretics is that the amount of diuresis make by thiazides are very low compared to the biggest amount of diuresis created with loop diuretics. Sulfonamide…

The development of Zurampic®(Lesinurad), a first selective uric acid resorption inhibitor to treat gout Summary: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthropathy in the western world, which is caused by the excess accumulation of uric acid in the blood instead of normally excreting by kidney. Millions of people suffer from this kind of arthritis with an attack of sudden burning pain, stiffness, and swelling in a joint(usually a big toe). However, the current treatment for gout is far from…

the infected are becomes tender, warm, red, and swells (arthritis foundation). The first-place gout attacks are the normally the big toe then the knees or ankles (Diagnosis Gout). Doctors measure the severity of gout by four terms: asymptomatic hyperuricemia, acute gout, interval gout, and chronic gout.…

Obesity as well as Type-2 diabetes have become an ongoing problem in the United States in the recent years. The ingredients used in most of the foods people are consuming are artificial. These lab-created ingredients take major tolls on our bodies. Many questions have been raised about the effects of some ingredients more than others. High Fructose Corn Syrup(HFCS) is one of the more questionable ingredients in most people’s diets. Many health issues have been linked to HFCS. It is mainly used…

Amlodipine (Norvasc): This drug blocks calcium from entering the muscles in your arteries and in your heart. Calcium helps muscles contract, so by blocking this it helps the muscles of your arteries relax allowing them to open up more. Having more space reduces resistance of blood flow making it easier for the blood to flow. It also relaxes the arteries that go to your heart reducing resistance, increasing the blood flow to your heart. Having less resistance then reduces your blood pressure…

Kidney stones What are kidney stones? Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis) are salts or crystals that precipitate in the urinary tract. These stones are typically made up of elements such as calcium (most common), uric acid, magnesium ammonium phosphate, or cysteine. The urinary tract begins with the kidneys, which empty urine into the ureters, which then drain urine into the bladder and finally the urethra. Stones can be located anywhere along the urinary system from the kidneys to the bladder.…

Super Size Me is a movie based on Morgan Spurlock, who stars and directs the movie, and his journey to eat strictly McDonald’s. This movie was created in 2004 before large amounts of intensive research were conducted pertaining to the health of McDonald’s foods. Spurlock decides to challenge himself to eat each item on the McDonald’s menu at least once for a month, and only McDonalds-no exceptions. He devoted 30 days of his life to this “Super-Size” challenge, to study what the effects of eating…

I agree with my decision to rest and elevate the joint area without any heavy lifting or weight bearing activity in the acute gout phase (Cash, 2015). I agree that the patient should increase intake of fluid to produce an output of 2L per day because it prevents development of uric acid kidney stones. I should have educated the patient about the disease process and, importance of NSAIDS for the treatment of an acute gout attack (Saccomano, 2015). I should have included apply ice packs 10 to 20…